木质纤维原料的生物酶预处理理论与技术研究进展

Research Progress on Theory and Technology of Bio-enzyme Pretreatment for Lignocellulosic Materials

基于生物酶的专一性、高效性和环境友好性,生物技术在制浆造纸工业中已获得了广泛应用,并取得了良好的经济和环保效益。采用生物酶预处理木质纤维原料不仅可以改善纤维形态、提高纸浆性能、降低磨浆能耗、提高生产效率,而且能够缓解传统制浆造纸工业面临的环境污染问题,为造纸行业的绿色转型发展提供更多可能。但目前生物酶技术在木质纤维原料预处理工段的应用还存在一些不足,如生物酶在各种环境下如何保持活性、生物酶成本高、处理条件苛刻及反应时间长等均是实际生产中需要解决的问题。本文综述了果胶酶、木聚糖酶、纤维素酶及木质素降解酶等生物酶预处理木质纤维原料的理论与技术研究进展,以期为解决上述问题并使生物酶预处理技术在制浆造纸工业化生产中达到高效利用提供一定参考与思路。

Based on the specificity,high efficiency,and environmental friendliness of bio-enzymes,biotechnology has been widely used in pulping and papermaking industry,which has achieved good economic and environmental benefits.Utilization of bio-enzyme pretreatment not only improves fiber morphology,enhances pulp properties,reduces refining energy consumption,and increases production efficiency,but also alleviates serious environmental pollution problems faced by traditional pulping and papermaking industry,bringing new directions for the development of papermaking industry.However,there are still some deficiencies pertaining to the application of bio-enzyme technology in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials:how to maintain the activity of bio-enzymes in various environments,high cost,harsh treatment conditions,and long reaction time of biological enzymes.Therefore,research progress on the theory and technology of bio-enzyme pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials,including pectinase,xylanase,cellulase,and lignin degrading enzyme are reviewed in this study,hoping to provide certain references and ideas for solving the abovementioned problems and realize high-efficiency utilization of bio-enzyme pretreatment in papermaking industry.