生物有机肥对黄芪品质和根际土壤细菌群落的影响

The effects of biological organic fertilizer on crop quality and rhisosphere soil bacteria community of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge

探究生物有机肥料HZ-24在黄芪道地产区提质增产的效果,为生物有机肥料HZ-24在黄芪生产中的应用提供理论依据。应用蒙古黄芪为研究材料,设置不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(T)、化肥整体减量20%(J)、化肥整体减量20%+生物有机肥料HZ-24(HZ)4个处理,通过田间试验,采用高通量测序、高效液相色谱法和常规化学分析法,研究施用生物有机肥料HZ-24对黄芪根际土壤微生物群落结构、养分以及黄芪品质和产量的影响。结果表明:HZ处理与T处理相比对黄芪的产量无显著影响,HZ处理与J处理相比黄芪产量增加7%;HZ处理与CK、T和J处理相比黄芪根际土壤的有机质分别增加11.92%、9.04%和8.96%,铵态氮分别增加51.37%、16.52%和27.5%,有效磷分别增加44.17%、18.92%和18.20%,速效钾含量分别提高21.88%、26.32%和18.63%;HZ与T处理相比,黄芪根中的甲苷含量提高17.81%、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量提高13.28%;HZ与CK处理相比未知菌门(unidentified_Bacteri)占比少60.53%,HZ与T处理相比绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)占比少14.88%。变形菌门中的Dongia属、Ferruginibacter属、单胞菌属(Arenimonas)、苯基杆菌属(Phenylobacterium)、Bryobacter属、红游动菌属(Rhodoplanes)、鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)、溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)为HZ处理的优势菌属,因此,施用生物有机肥HZ-24可以显著改变黄芪根际土壤细菌群落结构,改善黄芪根际土壤微生态环境,增加黄芪根际土壤养分,从而提高黄芪品质。

To investigated the effects of the biological organic fertilizer HZ-24 on enhancement of quantity and quality of A. mongholicus’ original habitats,and provided theoretical basis for the application of biological organic fertilizer HZ-24on A. mongholicus crop production.Four treatments were test on Astragalus mongholicus Bunge in field trials:no fertilizer(CK);chemical fertilizer(T);20% reduced chemical fertilizer(J);20% reduced chemical fertilizer+biological organic fertilizer HZ-24(HZ).High-throughput sequencing,HPLC and routine chemical methods were conducted to analyze the effects of HZ-24 on rhizosphere microbiology community and related nutrients of A. mongholicus,and the influences of the crop quality and yield.As the results showed,the yield of HZ treatment had no significant difference from T,on the other hand,the yield of HZ increased 7% compared with J.The enhancements of HZ in contrast with CK,T,J on organic mass of rhizosphere soil were 11.92%,9.04%,8.96%;the ammonium nitrogen content were 51.37%,16.52%,27.5%;the available phosphorus were 44.17%,18.92%,18.20%;and on the available potassium were 21.88%,26.32%,18.63%,respectively.The concentration of Astragaloside IV in the root of A. mongholicus were 17.81% higher in HZ treatment than in that T,and the concentration of Calycosin were 13.28% higher.The unidentified_Bacteri in the rhizosphere in HZ group were 60.53% less than CK,and the Chloroflexi was 14.88% less in HZ group than T.Dongia,Ferruginibacter,Ferruginibacter,Phenylobacterium,Bryobacter,Rhodoplanes,Lysobacter from Protebacteria were the dominant genus in HZ treatment groups.In conclusion,the rhizosphere soil bacterial community was significantly altered by the utilization of HZ-24,and the rhizosphere microecosystem and soil nutrients were also changed to better condition,thus,it improved the crop quality of A.mongholicus.