民间启蒙与平民成士:平民成才的难点与优势--兼论《公冶长》的逻辑结构

Folk Enlightenment and Civilian Intellectuals:Difficulties and Advantages of Civilian Success--Also on the Logical Structure of Gongyechang

置于体系化解释之下,依平民成士的视角,《公冶长》的逻辑框架得以显现。从民间社会培养平民成士的基本原则到平民成士的基本特点和认识误区,再到平民成士的难点和优势,再到实现中的重点和难点,再配之以解决问题的基本策略,使得《学而》中的教育私学化、《为政》中的治理民间化、《八佾》中的礼乐日常化、《里仁》中的乡里自治化在平民成士中得以体现,民间社会第一次有了自身的独立价值观(志在天下)、完善的伦理体系(学道爱人)、科学的培养路径(自讼好学),自足的民间社会(民兴于仁)成为了整个中华文明的传承载体。

Under the systematic interpretation,the logical framework of Gongyechang can be revealed from the perspective of civilians becoming intellectuals.From the basic principles of cultivating civilian scholars in civil society,to the basic characteristics and misunderstandings of civilian scholars,to the difficulties and advantages of civilian scholars,to the key points and difficulties in realization,coupled with the basic strategies to solve the problems,the private education in Xueer,the folk governance in Weizheng,the daily ritual and music in Bayi and the autonomy of the countryside in Liren can be reflected in civilian talents.For the first time,civil society has its own independent values(aspiring to the world),perfect ethical system(learning truth and loving people),scientific training path(self-litigation and learning),and self-sufficient civil society(the people improving in their moral character)has become the inheritance carrier of the whole Chinese civilization.