乔川林区达乌尔鼠兔生活习性调查及防治方法初探

Investigation on Living Habits of Ochotona dauurica in Qiaochuan Forest Region and Preliminary Study on Control Methods

为了减轻达乌尔鼠兔对未成林造林地的危害,通过观察和解剖达乌尔鼠兔洞穴,发现达乌尔鼠兔洞口集中分布在阴坡、阳坡和沟谷,一般周围植被盖度较低;9~11 AM,是达乌尔鼠兔活动高峰期;达乌尔鼠兔洞道结构复杂,洞口一般分布在灌木附近,分洞数在1~8个之间,洞道由老窝、交通洞、粪洞、贮食洞、盲洞等组成;从贮藏食物种类看,荞麦和齿叶扁核木种子是其喜食物。在前文分析的基础上,从物理、化学和生物3个方面对达乌尔鼠兔防治方法进行了简要探索,以期为乔川林区达乌尔鼠兔防治提供参考,为区域山地造林鼠兔防治提供思路。

In order to reduce the harm of Ochotona dauurica to unforestland,the living habits and tunnel structure of Ochotona dauurica were revealed by observing and dissecting the burrows of Ochotona dauurica.It was found that the cave was concentrated on shady slopes,sunny slopes and gullies,and was generally surrounded by low vegetation cover.Peak activity of Ochotona dauurica was between 9 a.m.and 11 a.m.The cave structure of Ochotona dauurica was complex,the cave is generally distributed near shrubs,and the number of holes was between 1 and 8.The cave was composed of nest,traffic hole,dung hole,feeding hole and blind hole.In terms of food storage,Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.And seeds of Prinsepia uniflora were their favorite food.On the basis of the above analysis,the prevention and control methods of Ochotona dauurica were briefly explored from physical,chemical and biological aspects,in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of Ochotona dauurica in Qiaochuan forest region and to provide ideas for regional mountain afforestation Ochotona dauurica control.