拜登政府能源新政:动因、特点与困境

New Energy Policy of the Biden Administration: Key Players, Characteristics and Predicaments

拜登当选美国总统后,秉承民主党一贯的气候治理优先的理念,并且基于经济因素、选举政治和政党偏好的考虑,大幅度调整了特朗普政府的能源政策。拜登政府提出了在2050年实现100%的清洁能源经济,并达到净零排放的目标。其能源新政以气候治理为核心,着重推行清洁能源的发展和应用,并通过基础设施的重建,创造就业机会,带动美国经济复苏,重塑美国在全球气候治理的领导地位。拜登政府的能源政策具有鲜明的民主党党派特色,但比奥巴马时期更为激进。在实践中,因政策目标过于宏大,拜登能源新政面临国会、利益集团和国内形势的多重制约,前景不容乐观。

After Biden was elected the President of the United States, he adhered to the Democratic Party’s consistent principle of giving priority to climate governance, and significantly adjusted the Trump Administration’s energy policy based on economic factors, electoral system and party preferences. The Biden Administration has set a goal of achieving a 100% clean energy economy and net zero carbon emissions by 2050. Its new energy policy focuses on climate governance, the development and application of clean energy, creates job opportunities through infrastructure reconstruction, drives US economic recovery, and reshapes America’s leading position in global climate governance. The energy policy of the Biden Administration has been imbued with distinctive features characteristic of the Democratic Party, becoming more radical than that of the Barack Obama’s tenure. Because of the overly ambitious policy, his administration is confronting the challenges from the Congress, vested interests and the domestic pressures with predictions of a rosy political future growing bolder.