职务表演的认定及其制度完善

Identification of Job Performance and Its Institutional Improvement

【目的】分析《著作权法》第40条第1款新增设职务表演条款,为职务表演权利归属规则的适用提供解释路径。【方法】借助法学方法论,以法律解释及法律漏洞理论为视角,从主体、客体、内容三个层面递进式地推敲“表演”概念。【结果】职务表演是以与演出单位存在劳动关系的自然人为表演主体、表演内容在其职责范围内,依靠单位物质技术条件完成并由单位承担责任的表演。【结论】目前关于演出单位的表演与职务表演衔接适用上存在混乱,相关辅助制度和规则细化的解释缺失,因此有必要将演出单位的类型划分为三类,增设演艺行业的合同示范文本,同时通过权利信息管理保护对外明确演出单位的主体身份。

[Purposes]Analyze the new article of Article 40(1)of the Copyright Law on job performance to provide an interpretative path for the application of the rules on the attribution of rights to job performance.[Methods]With the help of jurisprudential methodology,the concept of"performance"is progressively discussed from three levels:subject,object and content,with the perspective of legal interpretation and legal loophole theory.[Findings]A performance is a performance in which the natural person who has a labor relationship with the performance unit is the subject of the performance,and the content of the performance is within the scope of his duties,and the performance is completed by the material and technical conditions of the unit and the responsibility of the unit.[Conclnsions]At present,there is confusion about the application of the performance unit′s performance and job performance articulation,and the lack of relevant auxiliary systems and rules refinement of the interpretation,so it is necessary to divide the type of performance unit into three categories,and add a model text of the contract for the performing arts industry,while the main identity of the performance unit is clearly defined externally through the management of rights information protection.