市售灵芝孢子粉质量风险分析

Quality Risk Analysis of Ganoderma lucidum Spore Powder

目的:对市售灵芝孢子粉重金属污染状况进行分析和评价。方法:收集市售中药饮片、保健食品、食品和农产品等不同产品类型和规格的灵芝孢子粉35批次,对铅、镉、砷、汞、铜、铬和镍等7种重金属元素进行检测,采用单元素污染指数和综合污染指数进行灵芝孢子粉重金属污染评价。结果:有6批次灵芝孢子粉风险因素超出拟定的标准限值;单元素污染指数中Cu、Cr、Ni和Cd超标率分别为8.57%、5.71%、5.71%和2.86%;综合污染指数最大的为2.89,最小的为0.04;7种重金属元素中Cr和Ni处于中度污染、Cu处于轻度污染、Cd处于警戒限。结论:市售灵芝孢子粉存在一定的重金属风险隐患,总体重金属元素污染程度较低。破壁的灵芝孢子粉的Cr和Ni应引起关注,破壁过程中需进一步采取针对性的控制措施。

Objective:The pollution status of heavy metals in glossy Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was analyzed and evaluated.Method:35 batches of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder of different types and specifications of Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces,health food,food and agricultural products were collected,and 7 heavy metal elements such as lead,cadmium,arsenic,mercury,copper,chromium and nickel were detected.The heavy metal pollution of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was evaluated by single element pollution index and comprehensive pollution index.Result:Risk factors of 6 batches of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder exceeded the proposed standard limits;the over-standard rates of Cu,Cr,Ni and Cd in single element pollution index were 8.57%,5.71%,5.71%and 2.86%,respectively.The highest comprehensive pollution index was 2.89 and the lowest was 0.04.Among the seven heavy metal elements,Cr and Ni are moderately polluted.Cu is slight pollution while Cd is in the warning limit.Conclusion:The Ganoderma lucidum spore powder sold in the market has some hidden risks of heavy metals,the overall pollution degree of heavy metals is low.The Cr and Ni of the broken ganoderma spore powder should be concerned,and further control measures should be taken in the process of broken ganoderma spores.