生物医用高分子囊泡

Polymer Vesicles for Biomedical Applications

高分子囊泡由于其独特的腔-膜-冠结构,在生物医用等领域具有重要应用前景.本专论从自组装新机理/新方法和新的生物医学应用两方面总结和评述了近期生物医用高分子囊泡领域的研究进展.前者包括构建高效包载生物大分子的囊泡的“酸诱导吸附”和“亲和强化吸引”原理、构建完全非对称冠囊泡的“胶束-囊泡转变法”、构建高级囊泡结构的“融合诱导粒子自组装”方法、可宏量制备囊泡的氨基酸环内酸酐开环聚合诱导自组装方法;后者主要介绍“以糖控糖”囊泡、治疗糖尿病溃疡囊泡、抗菌囊泡、抗癌囊泡、靶向治疗骨质疏松症囊泡和护肾血管造影囊泡.最后,对高分子囊泡的未来发展方向进行了展望.

Polymer vesicles have an important application prospect in biomedical and other fields due to their unique lumen-membrane-corona structure.In this feature article,we highlighted recent advance in polymer vesicles for biomedical applications,including new mechanism and methods for self-assembly,and new biomedical applications.The former includes two principles of acid-induced adsorption and affinity-enhanced attraction for preparing vesicles with ultrahigh biomacromolecular loading efficiency,“micelle to vesicle transition”strategy for preparing asymmetric vesicles,fusion-induced particle assembly to build hierarchical vesicles,and ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride-induced self-assembly to fabricate vesicles on a large scale;the latter includes vesicles for blood glucose control,vesicles to treat diabetic ulcers,antibacterial vesicles,anticancer vesicles,bone-targeting vesicles to treat osteoporosis and renoprotective angiographic vesicles.Finally,the future development of polymer vesicles and their potential biomedical applications are forecasted.