新形势下科技体制改革攻坚的若干思考

Considerations on Deepening Reform of Science and Technology Management System in New Era

党中央高度重视科技体制改革工作,“十三五”时期部署的科技体制改革重点任务已基本完成,改革“四梁八柱”基本确立,重点领域和关键环节多点突破。进入新发展阶段,经济社会发展和民生改善对科技领域改革发展提出更高要求。但目前科技体制改革落实还不平衡不到位,有些改革举措尚未完全落地。调研发现,这其中既有新形势新变化带来的体制机制问题;也有长期存在的老问题、“硬骨头”未能突破;还有改革虽然已经部署,但因为抓落实不到位,效果释放与科研人员期望存在差距。解决这些突出问题,要坚持问题导向、有限目标的思路,着力从强化科技统筹与部门协同、完善科技资源配置方式、持之以恒推进科技评价改革、强化企业创新主体地位、深化科研院所改革、完善改革容错和正面激励机制六大方面攻坚突破。

CPC Central Committee attaches great importance to the reform of science and technology management system(RSTMS).Main tasks of RSTMS that assigned during the“13th Five-Year Plan”(2016–2020)period have been basically completed.The main frame of the science and technology(S&T)management system has been established,and breakthroughs in key fields and points have been achieved.Entering a new stage of development,higher requirements for reform and development in the field of S&T are proposed as the economy and society are developing rapidly,and livelihood is improving with great speed.However,the implementation of RSTMS initiatives is not balanced and adequate,some of which are not realized comprehensively.According to investigations and researches,among main issues of RSTMS,some are systematic and mechanistic problems which are emerged in the new era,some are long-term problems which have not been overcome,and others are problems caused by inadequate implementation of reform measures.In order to deal with these issues,it is necessary to follow the method of problem orientation and setting limited objectives.This study puts forward suggestions from six aspects to make breakthroughs,which respectively are strengthening organization power in the S&T field and collaboration between ministries,improving the allocation method of scientific and technological resources,promoting the reform of S&T evaluation,enhancing the main position of enterprise innovation,deepening the reform of scientific research institutes,and establishing mechanism of fault tolerance and positive incentive.