尼龙织物增强橡胶支座力学性能试验研究

Experimental research on mechanical properties of nylon fabric reinforced rubber bearings

为了探讨影响尼龙织物增强板式橡胶支座力学性能的主要因素,设计加工了三种橡胶总厚度相同、尼龙织物加强层层数不同的板式橡胶支座,对其进行了竖向压缩试验与水平剪切试验。试验结果表明:该类支座力学性能稳定,在10MPa压应力下未出现肉眼可见的损伤。各支座随设计压应力从5MPa增加至10MPa,竖向压缩刚度上升近80%,随尼龙织物加强层层数增加小幅降低;竖向等效阻尼比随设计压应力增大而减小约17%,受尼龙织物加强层层数影响不大。5MPa压应力作用下,支座剪切滞回曲线平滑且饱满,最大剪应变达到300%时支座工作性能仍保持良好。随着剪应变增加,支座先后出现卷曲、翻滚等变形形态,支座水平剪切刚度也因此表现出先减小后增大的趋势。因为尼龙织物受剪变形,尼龙织物层数越多支座的水平剪切刚度减小。各支座的水平等效阻尼比均在9%~13%之间,织物层数对其略有影响。

In order to explore the main factors affecting the mechanical properties of nylon fabric reinforced plate rubber bearings, three plate rubber bearings with the same total rubber thickness and different nylon fabric reinforcement layers were designed and fabricated, and the vertical compression and the compression shear test of the bearing were carried out. The test results show that the mechanical properties of this type bearings are stable, and there is no significant damage was seen under 10MPa pressure. The vertical compressive stiffness of each bearing increases by nearly 80% with the design compressive stress increasing from 5MPa to 10MPa, and decreases with the increase of the number of nylon fabric reinforcement layers;The vertical equivalent damping ratio decreases about 17% with the design compressive stress increasing, and is not greatly affected by the number of nylon fabric reinforcement layers. The shear hysteresis curve of the bearing under 5MPa compressive stress is smooth and plump, and the bearing remains well when the maximum shear strain reaches 300%. With the increase of shear strain, the bearing appeared successively deformed forms such as curling and tumbling, the horizontal shear stiffness of the bearing also showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. Because the nylon fabric is deformed by shear, the horizontal shear stiffness of the bearings decreases with the increase of nylon fabric layers. The horizontal equivalent damping ratio varies in the range between 9%~13%, and the number of fabric layers affects slightly.