2022年我国主要天气气候特征

Climatic characteristics review over China in 2022

利用中国气象局国家气候中心和国家气象信息中心的历史和实时气象观测数据,对2022年我国气候特点进行了综合分析。结果显示:2022年我国气候状况总体偏差,暖干气候特征明显,旱涝灾害明显。全国平均气温为历史次高,降水量为2012年以来最少。区域性和阶段性干旱明显,南方夏秋连旱影响重;夏季中东部出现1961年以来最强高温过程,南方“秋老虎”天气明显;华南、东北雨涝灾害重,珠江流域和松辽流域出现汛情;登陆台风异常偏少,2212号台风“梅花”4次登陆;寒潮过程明显偏多,影响范围广。

Based on the historical and real-time meteorological observation data from the National Climate Center and the National Meteorological Information Center of China Meteorological Administration,the characteristics of China’s climate in 2022 were comprehensively analyzed.The results showed that:In 2022,the annual climate in China was generally worse than normal with heavy flood and drought disaster under an obvious warm-dry climate background.The national average temperature was the second-highest historical record and annual precipitation was the lowest since 2012.Regional and stage drought was obvious and it caused a serious drought in South China during the summer and autumn.The strongest heatwave occurred in the middle and east of China in summer since 1961,and the hot autumn(autume tiger)in the South was obvious.The rainstorms and flood disasters were frequent and heavy in South and Northeast of China,and floods occurred in the Pearl River basin and Songhua-Liaohe River basin.The number of landfalling typhoons was unusually lower than normal,and typhoon‘MUIFA’landed for 4 times with great intensity and wide influence.The number of cold waves was obviously more than normal,which caused severe cooling in many places.