基于高质量发展视角的中国碳配额省级分配方案评价

Evaluation of China’s provincial carbon quota allocation scheme from the perspective of high-quality development

碳配额分配是碳排放控制的关键,在实现国家“双碳”目标下探寻更利于高质量发展的省级分配方案具有重要意义。基于平等主义、历史责任、支付能力、排放效率和可行性分配准则,使用综合指标法设计了10种分配方案,并以高质量发展为标准,使用Malmquist指数模型对这些方案进行评价。结果表明:我国各省份在不同分配方案下拥有多样化的碳配额,多数地区根据排放效率准则、支付能力准则、历史责任准则和可行性准则(方案F)获得最大配额。从国家层面看,方案F具有最佳的经济高质量发展性能,是相对最优的选择。从区域层面看,各省在不同分配方案下有不同的经济高质量发展表现,多数地区根据平等主义准则、排放效率准则和可行性准则(方案G)实现最优发展。排放效率指标的选取对分配方案的结果具有稳健性。

Carbon quota allocation is the key to carbon emissions control.It is of great significance to explore provincial-level allocation schemes that are more conducive to high-quality development under the national“dual carbon”goal.Based on egalitarianism,historical responsibility,capacity to pay,emission efficiency and feasible allocation criteria,10 allocation schemes were designed using the comprehensive indicator method;Taking high-quality development as standard,the Malmquist index model was used to evaluate these schemes.The results show that various provinces in China have diversified carbon quotas under different allocation schemes,and most regions obtain the maximum quota according to scheme F of emission efficiency criteria,capacity to pay criteria,historical responsibility criteria and feasibility criteria.From the national perspective,scheme F has the best economic and high-quality development performance,which is the relatively optimal choice.From the regional perspective,each province has different high-quality economic development performance under different allocation schemes.Most regions achieve the optimal development according to scheme G of comprehensive egalitarianism principle,emission efficiency principle and feasibility principle.The selection of emission efficiency indicators is robust to the results of allocation scheme.