《越绝书》语料特点分析

Analysis on the Corpus Value of Yue Jueshu

《越绝书》被誉为“地方志”鼻祖,书中记载的吴越两国历史,为罕见的宝贵史料。该书反映的语言包含三大语料特点,具有三大语料价值:语料来源驳杂,与先秦汉魏典籍中语料多有重合,致使语料年代层次极为复杂,但通过相似语料中词汇的比对可以探求词汇演变史;语料具有地方性特色,掺杂古越语词汇及吴地方言词汇,可提取这部分语料作为汉魏时期民族语及方言的记录材料;语料中不见于同时代其他文献的若干新词新义,可为汉语史领域提供有价值的参考材料,同时为字典或词典提供补正用例。

Yue Jueshu is known as the ancestor of“Local Chronicles”.The history of Wu and Yue recorded in the book is rare and valuable historical data.The language reflected in the book contains three corpus characteristics,so it has the following three corpus values:the corpus sources are complex,and they mostly coincide with the corpus in the classics of the pre Qin,Han and Wei dynasties,resulting in the extremely complex chronological level of the corpus,but the history of vocabulary evolution can be explored through the comparison of words in similar corpora;The corpus has local characteristics,mixed with ancient Yue vocabulary and Wu dialect vocabulary,which can be extracted as the recording materials of national languages and dialects in the Han and Wei dynasties;Some new words and new meanings that are not found in other contemporary documents in the corpus can provide valuable reference materials for the field of Chinese history,and provide correction use cases for dictionaries.