数字经济如何赋能城市绿色发展——基于区域创新产出和要素配置效率的视角

How Can Digital Economy Empower Urban Green Development——From the Perspective of Regional Innovation Output and Factor Allocation Efficiency

在新一轮科技革命深入推进的背景下,数字经济的蓬勃兴起为中国经济高质量发展注入了新动能。文章深入挖掘数字经济的绿色价值,阐释数字经济对城市绿色发展的作用机制。运用超效率SBM模型和GML指数测度城市绿色发展水平,并通过主成分分析法测度城市数字经济发展综合指数,基于2011—2019年中国277个城市的面板数据,实证检验数字经济对城市绿色发展的影响,并探究其中介机制及空间溢出效应。研究发现:数字经济显著提高了城市绿色发展水平,且能够通过正向空间溢出效应带动邻近城市的绿色发展;区域创新产出增加和资本要素配置效率优化是数字经济赋能城市绿色发展的重要中介渠道;相较于北方城市、资源型城市和非试点城市,南方城市、非资源型城市和试点城市的数字经济具有更明显的“绿色红利”;中国应增强数字技术创新能力,优化数字中国建设整体布局,加快传统产业数字渗透,助力企业数字化转型,以更好地引领绿色发展,实现“双碳”目标。

As the new round of scientific and technological revolution deepens, the vigorous rise of the digital economy has injected new kinetic energy into the high-quality development of China’s economy. This paper deeply explores the green value of digital economy and explains the mechanism of digital economy on urban green development. It uses the super efficiency SBM model and GML index to measure the level of urban green development, and uses the principal component analysis method to measure the comprehensive index of urban digital economy development. Based on the panel data of 277 cities in China from 2011 to 2019, this paper empirically tests the impact of digital economy on urban green development, and explores its intermediary channels and spatial spillover effects. The results show that digital economy significantly improves the level of urban green development, and can drive the green development of neighboring cities through positive spatial spillover effect. The increase of regional innovation output and the optimization of capital factor allocation efficiency are important intermediary channels for the digital economy empowering the urban green development. Compared with northern cities, resource-based cities and non-pilot cities, the “green dividend” of digital economy in southern cities, non-resource-based cities and pilot cities-is more obvious. China should enhance its capacity for digital technology innovation, optimize the overall layout of digital China construction, accelerate the digital penetration of traditional industries, and facilitate the digital transformation of enterprises, so as to better lead green development and achieve the “dual carbon” goal.