数字经济对我国服务业集聚空间格局的重塑——基于区域与行业异质性的分析

Digital Economy Reshapes the Spatial Pattern of Service Industry Agglomeration in China:An Analysis Based on Regional and Industry Heterogeneity

数字经济正在成为重塑服务业集聚空间格局的重要力量。从集聚力和分散力视角并结合技术成本约束,构建数字经济影响服务业集聚的理论框架,进而从区域、行业以及双重异质性方面实证检验数字经济对服务业集聚的影响。结果显示,区域异质性下,数字经济显著提升了东部、南方、北方地区的服务业集聚水平,而对中西部地区服务业集聚水平的作用为负;行业异质性下,数字经济与消费性和生产性服务业集聚存在显著正向关系,而与公共性服务业集聚存在显著负向关系;双重异质性下,区域和行业的交互特征使数字经济对相应服务业集聚的影响呈现出较大不同。进一步分析表明,数字经济通过需求赋能和创新赋能影响了服务业集聚的空间格局,这一影响的异质性与行业对需求和创新的偏好相关。据此提出,在通过数字经济的需求和创新赋能效应助力服务业集聚的空间格局优化时,政府也须着力改善地区间的“数字鸿沟”问题,进而缩小数字经济下服务业集聚效益的区域差异。

The digital economy is greatly reshaping the spatial distribution of service industry agglomeration.Based on the perspective of agglomeration and dispersion of industrial layout and combining technical cost constraints,a theoretical framework including digital economy and spatial agglomeration of service industry is constructed.Then,the performance of digital economy acting on service industry agglomeration is empirically tested from regional heterogeneity,industry heterogeneity and dual heterogeneity.The results are as follows.From the regional heterogeneity,the impact of digital economy on service industry agglomeration is positive in the east,south and north,negative in the western,while not significant in the central.From the industry level,digital economy has a prominent positive relationship with consumer and producer service agglomeration,but significantly disperses public service.Considering dual heterogeneity,the effect shows quite different due to the interactive characteristics of regions and industries.Further mediating tests show that digital economy influences the spatial pattern of service industry agglomeration through empowering demand and innovation.And the heterogeneity of this impact is related to the industry’s preference for those.When optimizing the spatial pattern for service industry agglomeration through the demand and innovation empowerment effect of digital economy,the government also needs to focus on improving the“digital gap”problem between regional intervals,and then reduce the regional differences of agglomeration benefits within digital economy.