数字化时代农民工市民化的“双重鸿沟”与跨越

The“Dual Divide”and it’s Crossing of Migrant Workers’Citizenization in the Digital Age

数字化时代农民工市民化的乡城鸿沟演化成了乡城鸿沟和数字鸿沟的“双重鸿沟”。基于“双重鸿沟”的现实背景和框架分析了“数字鸿沟”引致的农民工“数字化贫困”及双重资本贫困对农民工市民化的阻尼效应。农民工由浅到深五个层级的“原生性数字鸿沟”会引发“衍生性数字鸿沟”,进而形成“数字化资本贫困”。“双重鸿沟”及“双重贫困”将对农民工市民化进程产生四个方面的阻尼效应,表现为劳动力就业市场上的分化效应、社会发展差异的强化效应、身份认同的排斥效应以及生活方式的固化效应。农民工“数字鸿沟”的跨越需要通过“架桥”联通工程、“搭梯”进阶工程、“填沟”托举工程、“善治”弥合工程和“赋能”助推工程,从数字化硬设施、软环境、培训、教育与赋能等方面组合施策。

The rural-urban divide of migrant workers’citizenization in the digital era has evolved into a“dual divide”of the rural-urban divide and the digital divide.Based on the realistic background and framework of the“dual divide”,we analyze the“digital poverty”of migrant workers caused by the“digital divide”and the damping effect of the dual capital poverty on the citizenization of migrant workers.The five levels of the“primary digital divide”faced by migrant workers will lead to the“derivative digital divide”,which in turn will lead to“digital capital poverty”.The“dual divide”and“dual poverty”will have four damping effects on the citizenship process of migrant workers,which are the differentiation effect in the labor market,the reinforcement effect of social development differences,the exclusion effect of identity and the solidification effect of life style.The crossing of the“dual divide”of migrant workers requires a combination of digital hard facilities,soft environment,training,education and empowerment through“bridge-building”connectivity projects,“ladder-building”advanced projects,“gap-filling”lifting projects,“good governance”bridging projects,and“empowerment”booster projects.