自我效能感在青少年抑郁症患者自我表露和医学应对方式间的中介效应

The mediating effect of self-efficacy between self-disclosure and medical coping modes in adolescents with depression

目的分析青少年抑郁症患者自我表露、自我效能感和医学应对方式的关系,探讨自我效能感在自我表露和医学应对方式间的中介效应。方法2020年3月至2021年3月采用便利抽样法选取北京市某三级精神专科医院403名青少年抑郁症患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、痛苦自我表露指数量表、医学应对方式问卷、自我效能感量表收集资料。采用SPSS 26.0分析青少年抑郁症患者自我表露、自我效能感与医学应对方式间的相关性,采用Stata 13.1分析自我效能感在自我表露与医学应对方式间的中介效应。结果青少年抑郁症患者面对、屈服、回避、自我表露和自我效能感得分分别为(16.90±3.84)分,(16.34±2.88)分,(12.48±4.31)分,(30.47±9.91)分和(19.63±6.54)分。自我表露、自我效能感分别与医学应对方式中的面对呈正相关(r=0.301,0.327,均P<0.01),分别与医学应对方式中的屈服呈负相关(r=-0.465,-0.487,均P<0.01),自我表露与医学应对方式中的回避呈负相关(r=-0.118,P=0.018)。自我效能对医学应对方式的直接效应为0.103,总效应为0.365,中介效应占总效应的比为28.22%。结论自我效能感在青少年抑郁症患者自我表露和医学应对方式间发挥部分中介效应。

Objective To analyze the relationship between self-disclosure,self-efficacy and medical coping modes in adolescent depression,and explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy between self-disclosure and medical coping modes.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,a total of 403 adolescents with depression in a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Beijing were recruited from March 2020 to March 2021.The data of general information questionnaire,distress disclosure index scale,medical coping modes questionnaire and general self-efficacy scale were collected.SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the correlation between self-disclosure,self-efficacy and medical coping modes of adolescent patients with depression,and Stata 13.1 software was used to analyze the mediating effect of self-efficacy between self-disclosure and medical coping modes.Results The scores of dimension of the medical coping modes of adolescent depression patients were(16.90±3.84)for facing,(16.34±2.88)for yielding,(12.48±4.31)for avoiding,(30.47±9.91)for self-disclosure and(19.63±6.54)for self-efficacy,respectively.Self-disclosure and self-efficacy were positively correlated with facing of medical coping modes(r=0.301,0.327,both P<0.01),and negatively correlated with yielding of medical coping modes(r=-0.465,-0.487,both P<0.01).Self-disclosure was negatively correlated with avoidance of medical coping modes(r=-0.118,P=0.018).The direct effect of self-efficacy on medical coping modes was 0.103,and the total effect was 0.365,and the mediating effect accounted for 28.22%.Conclusion Self-efficacy partially mediates between self-disclosure and medical coping modes in adolescents with depression.