巨噬细胞极化在血液系统疾病中的研究进展

The Research Progress of Macrophage Polarization in Hematological Diseases

巨噬细胞是机体固有免疫的重要组成,具有极强的异质性和可塑性,在不同的微环境下可以极化为促炎的M1型和抗炎的M2型。近年研究发现,M1/M2巨噬细胞平衡与各种血液系统疾病的发生发展密切相关,本文以血液疾病中再生障碍性贫血、免疫性血小板减少症、肿瘤性疾病和造血干细胞移植为切入点,对巨噬细胞在不同疾病中的极化状态及作用进行综述,以期为进一步研究血液系统疾病中巨噬细胞极化的研究提供参考,对寻找以调控巨噬细胞极化为靶点的新的治疗方法提供思路。

Macrophages are important components of innate immune system,which present in different types of tissue and are polarized according to variations of different microenvironment,forming different macrophage subtypes,such as M1 and M2 macrophage.Recent studies have shown that the balance of M1/M2 macrophages can play an important role in the initiation and development of hematological diseases.This article reviews the role and underlying mechanism of macrophage polarization in aplastic anemia,immune thrombocytopenia,malignant tumor and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.The purpose of this review is to provide a reference for future study of macrophage polarization in hematological diseases,and underscores macrophage polarization can be a target of interest for immunotherapy.