我国二类疫苗集中采购程序及核心要素分析

Study on the Centralized Procurement Procedures and Core Elements of the Non-Immunization Program Vaccines

目的:分析二类疫苗集中采购的基础性政策,揭示疫苗采购的主要程序与核心要素,以期提出优化建议。方法:运用内容分析法,进行词频统计与共现网络构建,结合对比分析法,总结各省份二类疫苗采购的共性与差异。结果:我国二类疫苗集中采购程序包括规划、遴选、执行,共涉及采购目录、采购公告、疫苗接收与购入等17个核心要素。其中,集中采购周期以1年为主,疫苗报价大部分参考各省份的价格水平,定标时主要采取评审模式。结论:各省份二类疫苗集中采购程序与框架一致,采购环境趋于公开、规范,应完善二类疫苗监测与评价、深化遴选标准、健全评审人才队伍等,促进我国二类疫苗采购良性发展。

Objective:To analyze the basic policy texts of centralized procurement of non-immunization program vaccines,reveal the main procedures and core elements of vaccine procurement,and propose optimization suggestions.Methods:The content analysis method is used to conduct word frequency statistics and co-occurrence network construction.Combined with the comparative analysis method,the commonalities and differences in the procurement of non-immunization program vaccines in different regions are summarized.Results:The centralized procurement procedures for non-immunization program vaccines include planning,selection and implement.It involves 17 core elements including procurement catalogs,vaccine announcement,and vaccine reception.Among them,the centralized procurement cycle is mainly 1 year,and most vaccine quotation is based on reference of the surrounding provinces,the evaluation is mainly on expert review.Conclusion:The centralized procurement procedures and frameworks of the non-immunization program vaccines are consistent,and the procurement environment tends to be open and standardized.The monitoring and evaluation of the non-immunization program vaccines should be improved,the selection criteria should be deepened,and the evaluation talent team should be improved to promote the healthy development of the vaccine procurement.