2012-2021年乌鲁木齐市职业病发病情况分析

Incidence of occupational diseases in Urumqi from 2012-2021

目的 分析乌鲁木齐市职业病发病流行病学特征,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法 通过国家职业病网络报告系统对2012-2021年乌鲁木齐市职业病报告卡进行梳理,对其流行病学特征进行分析。结果 2012-2021年乌鲁木齐市共报告新发职业病403例,报告种类主要是职业性尘肺病(257例,占63.77%),职业性传染病(布鲁菌病,114例,28.29%);男性为主,占88.09%,年龄主要是≥30岁,占92.80%,发病工龄主要是<15年,占56.08%;企业主要分布在内资、大型、制造业、采矿业、科学研究和技术服务业,分别占99.50%、52.36%、31.51%、29.78%和10.42%。结论 乌鲁木齐市职业病发病从2015年起呈现总体稳定,每年略有波动特征,职业病防治工作面临尘肺病防治和布鲁菌病防治的双重压力。政府部门应加强对制造业、采矿业、科学研究和技术服务业的监督管理,预防和控制职业病,保护劳动者健康。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational diseases in Urumqi,provide basis for formulating prevention and control countermeasures. Methods The data of occupational disease report cards in Urumqi from 2012-2021 were collected from the national occupational disease network reporting system,and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Results From 2012 to 2021,totally 403 new cases with occupational diseases were reported in Urumqi. The most reported cases were occupational pneumoconiosis(257 cases,accounting for 63.77%),followed by the occupational infectious diseases(occupational brucellosis,114 cases,accounting for 28.29%). The most of patients were male and aged ≥30 years old,accounting for 88.09% and 92.80%,respectively.The patientsmainly were workers with length of service of <15 years,accounting for 56.08%.The enterprises were mainly distributed indomestic investment,large-scale,manufacturing industry,mining industry,and scientific research and technical service industry,accounting for 99.50%,52.36%,31.51%,29.78% and 10.42%,respectively.Conclusions The general trend of occupational diseases in Urumqi shows generally stable since 2015,and fluctuates slightly from year to year.The occupational disease prevention and control work is facing the dual pressure of pneumoconiosis prevention and brucellosis prevention.The government department should strengthen the supervision and administration of the manufacturing industry,mining industry,and scientific research and technical service industry,to prevent and control the occupational diseases and protect the workers’ health.