青海省护士职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on status and influencing factors of nurses’job burnout in Qinghai Province

目的 了解青海省护理人员职业倦怠现状及相关影响因素。方法 采用横断面调查,2021年10月10-31日通过问卷星对青海省40家医院6 322名护士进行调查,采用护士职业倦怠量表(nurse occupational burnout scale,NBS)完成职业倦怠评估。结果 护士职业倦怠平均得分(156.64±20.30)分,无或轻微职业倦怠1 133名(17.92%),轻中度职业倦怠2 523名(39.91%),重度护士职业倦怠2 666名(42.17%)。男性,高学历,居住高海拔地区,主管护师职称,每天伏案工作>8 h、在外科与重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)工作、饮食不规律、营养状况差、极少锻炼身体均是职业倦怠的危险因素(均P<0.05);年龄(20~<30岁),工作年限(<10年),家庭人均月收入高(≥10 000元)均是职业倦怠的保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论 青海省护士职业倦怠发生率高,与高海拔的环境、护士职业特征及生活习惯等有关。

Objective To study the job burnout and its influencing factors among nursing staff in Qinghai province. Methods A cross-sectional survey was adopted,and 6 322 nurses in 40 hospitals in Qinghai Province were investigated by the Questionnaire star on October 10-31th,2021.The nurse occupational burnout scale(NBS)was used to completethe job burnout assessment.Results The average score of nurses’ job burnout was(156.64±20.30)points. There were 1 133(17.92%) nurses without burnoutor with slight burnout,2 523(39.91%) with mild to moderate burnout,and 2 666(42.17%) with severe burnout.The male,higher education,living in high altitude areas,nurse in charge,working at desk >8 hours a day,working insurgery,emergency and intensive care unit(ICU),irregular diet,poorer nutritional status,rarely exercise were the risk factors for job burnout(all P<0.05).The age(20-<30 years old),years of service(<10 years) and higher family monthly income (≥10 000 yuan) were protective factors of job burnout(all P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of job burnout among nurses in Qinghai Province is high,which is related to the high-altitude environment,nurses’ occupational characteristics,and living habits.