温度对蓖麻粉虱若虫生长发育和存活的影响

Effects of Temperature on Growth,Development and Survival of Nymphs of Trialeurodes ricini

为了弄清温度对蓖麻粉虱若虫的生长发育和存活率的影响,为未来蓖麻粉虱的防治提供理论参考。我们使用人工气候箱,设置了20、25、30和35℃4个恒温条件,测定蓖麻粉虱的生长状况。结果表明,蓖麻粉虱卵期从20℃的15.4天缩短到35℃的3.6天。整个若虫发育期从20℃的53.1天缩短到35℃的18.7天。30℃是蓖麻粉虱生长发育最合适的温度,在40℃恒温条件下卵不孵化。在恒温25℃时,卵和若虫死亡率最低。在30℃恒温时,雌性比有增高趋势。所有结果表明蓖麻粉虱能适应高温,随着未来全球气温变暖可能导致蓖麻粉虱为害范围扩大,制定完善的蓖麻粉虱防控措施亟不可待。

In order to clarify the effect of temperature on the growth,development and survival rate of Trialeurodes ricini nymphs,and provide theoretical reference for future control of T.ricini,an artificial climate chamber was used to measure the growth of T.ricini at 20,25,30 and 35℃.The results showed that the egg stage of T.ricini was shortened from 15.4 d at 20℃to 3.6 d at 35℃.The whole nymph development period was shortened from 53.1 d at 20℃to 18.7 d at 35℃.30℃is the most suitable temperature for the growth and development of T.ricini.The eggs did not hatch at a constant temperature of 40℃.At a constant temperature of 25℃,the mortality of eggs and nymphs were the lowest.At a constant temperature of 30℃,the female ratio tended to increase.All the results show that T.ricini could adapt to high temperature.As future global warming may lead to the expansion of T.ricini damage range,it is urgent to develop more suitable prevention and control measures for T.ricini.