脱细胞真皮基质应用于口腔软组织再生的研究进展

Research advances of acellular dermal matrix in the oral soft tissue regeneration

脱细胞真皮基质(acellular dermal matrix,ADM)是一种从同种异体或异种生物身上获取的皮肤,经过各种生物学及生物化学的脱细胞技术处理,去除了表皮和真皮中的各种细胞,保留了细胞外基质的形态、三维结构和成分,而得到的一种无细胞真皮基质。ADM为宿主细胞提供了生长和代谢的场所,可诱导宿主细胞长入,促进自体成纤维细胞及血管内皮细胞在基质中生长,从而完成对缺损组织的修复和重建。目前ADM在牙周病学、口腔颌面外科学等学科中得到广泛应用。文章就ADM在口腔软组织再生领域的应用做一综述。

Acellular dermal matrix(ADM)derives from allogeneic or xenogeneic body skin,and through various biological and biochemical decellularized technology,cells within the dermis and epidermis were removed and the morphology,three-dimensional structure and composition of the extracellular matrix were preserved. It provides a place for the growth and metabolism of host cells,inducing them to grow in and promoting the growth of autologous fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in the matrix,and thus completes the repair and reconstruction of tissue defects. ADM is widely used in periodontology,oral and maxillofacial surgery and many other fields. This review focused on the application of ADM in the oral soft tissue regeneration.