集成式热源塔热泵能源站塔侧水力特性及其优化

Hydraulic characteristics and optimization of integrated heat source tower heat pump energy station tower side

集成式热源塔热泵能源站具有兼顾冬夏、高效灵活和高度集成等特点。塔侧冬夏季工作介质及流量不同,导致能源站系统的输配系统水力特性存在差异。为研究塔侧输配系统阻力与流量分配特性的变化趋势,首先,构建了集成式热源塔热泵能源站的塔侧输配系统模型;然后,研究了管路设计、配水管径、运行负荷率及溶液性质对塔侧水力特性的影响;再次,分析了集成式能源站常规设计方案中存在的问题;最后,对同类型能源站的设计与运行过程提出可行性的改进措施及建议。研究结果表明,针对所研究的某集成式热源塔热泵能源站,其冬季塔侧压降约为夏季的1.23倍;当热源塔配水支管管径降低17%时,流量分配不均匀系数降低约25%;溶液密度对于系统的流量分配情况影响可以忽略,溶液黏度增加0.09 Pa·s,系统的流量分配不均匀系数增加4.3%;改善系统管路布置,选择低密度和低黏度的防冻溶液以及适当减小热源塔配水支管管径等,可优化集成式热源塔热泵能源站的水力特性;与基准方案相比,优化方案条件下的系统压降和流量分配不均匀系数分别降低了4%和62%左右。

The integrated heat source tower heat pump energy station has the characteristics of high efficiency and flexibility in summer and winter, and high integration. The hydraulic characteristics of the distribution system of the energy station system is different due to the various working medium and flow rates of the tower side in winter and summer. To study the change of the tower side resistance and flow distribution characteristics, the integrated heat source of heat pump energy station towers distribution system model was firstly constructed. Secondly, the influence law of the pipeline design, water distribution pipe diameter, running water rate and solution properties on the hydraulic characteristics was studied. Thirdly, the problems existing in its conventional design scheme were analyzed. Finally, corresponding improvement measures and feasible suggestions in the design and operation ways were put forward. The results show that for an integrated heat source tower heat pump energy station in the study,the pressure drop of energy station tower in winter is about 1.23 times of that in summer. When the diameter of the water distribution pipe in the heat source tower deceases by 17%, the non-uniform coefficient of flow distribution decreases by about 25%. The effect of solution density on the flow distribution of the system is negligible. When the solution viscosity increases by 0.09 Pa·s, the system’s flow distribution uneven coefficient increases by 4.3%.The hydraulic characteristics can be optimized by improving the layout of the system pipeline, choosing the antifreeze solution with low density and low viscosity, and appropriately reducing the diameter of the water distribution branch pipe of the heat source tower. Compared with the benchmark scheme, pressure drop and the non-uniform coefficient of flow distribution of the optimized scheme system decrease by 4% and 62%,respectively.