自我聚焦对社交焦虑个体外部注意与状态焦虑的作用——来自眼动与生理指标的证据

Effects of Self-Focus on External Attention and State Anxiety in Social Anxiety:Evidence from Eye-Movement and Physiological Measures

为模拟真实的社会化场景,探究自我聚焦如何影响社交焦虑个体对外部社交反馈信息的注意与状态焦虑,采用演讲与自由观看任务,105名被试在实验室中面对屏幕进行即兴演讲,同时自由观看提前录制的包含12位听众的录像,听众分别表现出正性、中性和负性的反馈。研究中操纵被试的自我聚焦(高自我聚焦条件或低自我聚焦条件),采用眼动仪测量被试在演讲中对正性、中性和负性反馈的注意,并使用生理仪测量皮肤电和心率。结果显示,自我聚焦在整体上减少了高、低社交焦虑组对外部社交反馈信息的注意,高、低社交焦虑组的心率在高自我聚焦条件下均比低自我聚焦条件下快。研究结果表明,自我聚焦削弱了社交焦虑个体对外部刺激的注意加工。

In order to investigate the effects of self-focus on attention towards external social feedback and state anxiety of socially anxious individuals in a simulated real social situation,105 participants were recruited and gave an impromptu speech with pre-recorded audience showing positive,neutral and negative feedback.Self-focus was manipulated through instructions.Eye movements served as indicators of attention toward audience with difference emotional valence.Skin conductance level and heart rate were measured.The results showed that self-focus reduced attention to external social feedback among both high and low socially anxious groups.In high self-focus condition,both high and low socially anxious groups exhibited higher heart rate,compared with low self-focus condition.The findings indicate that self-focus impairs processing of external stimuli in socially anxious individuals.