番茄果实叶绿体发育调控及其应用的研究进展

Regulation of Chloroplast Development in Tomato Fruit and Its Application

果实叶绿体的丰度和功能直接影响着果实品质。在果实成熟前,叶绿体作为同化器官合成大量同化物用于果实发育和品质相关代谢物的合成,在果实成熟期,叶绿体转化为有色体,存储前期在光合作用驱动下不同代谢途径合成的营养和风味物质。因此,通过调控果实叶绿体发育来提高果实品质成为研究热点,在果实叶绿体发育调控研究方面取得了显著进展。本文从影响果实叶绿体发育的转录因子、光信号、激素信号、氧化应激信号等几个方面对番茄果实叶绿体发育调控的研究进展综合论述,并提出了面临的挑战和今后研究的方向,旨在明晰番茄果实叶绿体发育的特异性调控机制,为番茄及其他作物果实的品质改良提供新思路。

Fruit chloroplast quantity and function have a direct impact on fruit quality.Fruit chloroplasts function as assimilation organs before ripening,synthesizing amounts of assimilates for fruit development and quality-related metabolites synthesis,and transform into chromoplasts during ripening,storing nutrients and flavor substances synthesized by different metabolic pathways driven by photosynthesis in the early stage.As a result,increasing fruit quality by controlling chloroplast development has been a research emphasis,and significant progress has been made in the study of fruit chloroplast developmental regulation in tomatos an essential fruit vegetable and model plant.This manuscript reviewed the progress of tomato fruit chloroplast development regulation in terms of transcription factors,light signals,hormone signals,and oxidative stress signals,as well as the challenges and future research directions,to clarify the specific regulation mechanism of fruit chloroplast development and provide new ideas for fruit quality improvement of tomato and other crops.