基于粒子群算法的改建道路纵断面自动设计研究

Research on Automatic Design of Longitudinal Section for Reconstructed Road Based on Particle Swarm Algorithm

为改变现有改建道路纵断面设计软件拉坡设计人工耗时长、随意性大、主观性强、设计方案参差不齐的状况,首次提出基于粒子群算法的改建道路纵断面自动设计,以提高设计效率、减少工程投资。在满足相关规范、路面改造方案前提下,以改造纵断面填挖方高度总和最小为目标函数,以纵坡长度、纵向坡度、竖曲线半径为约束条件,以变坡点的里程、高程为变量,利用粒子群算法原理,构建了基于粒子群算法的改建道路纵断面自动设计模型。研究结果表明:该设计模型达到了改建道路纵断面自动适应贴合现状道路高程、路面改造工程量最小的目的,当粒子群算法迭代次数达到400多次时,粒子适应度函数趋于收敛,当迭代次数设为500次时,可以获得满意的成果。实例验证表明:与传统的人工设计相比,算法自动设计的效率更高,自动设计过程仅需2~3 s,拟合原地面线的效果更好,能节省近一半的路面加铺工程量,优化设计效果显著。基于粒子群算法的改建道路纵断面自动设计,可为道路改造设计及设计咨询提供理论基础与技术支持。

In order to change the situations of the manual time-consuming,large randomness,strong subjectivity and uneven design schemes for the slope design by the longitudinal section software of the existing reconstruction road,the automatic design of longitudinal section for the reconstructed roads based on particle swarm algorithm is firstly put forward to improve the design efficiency and reduce the engineering investment.Under the premise of satisfying the relevant codes and the pavement reconstruction scheme,taking the minimize value of the total fill and excavation height of the reconstructed longitudinal section as the objective function,the longitudinal slope length,longitudinal grade and vertical curve radius as the constraint conditions,and the mileage and elevation of grade change point as the variables,the principle of particle swarm algorithm is used to build the automatic design model of longitudinal section for the reconstructed roads based on the particle swarm algorithm.The research results show that the design model achieves the purpose that the longitudinal section of the reconstructed road automatically adapts to the current road elevation and the pavement reconstruction project is minimal.When the number of iterations of particle swarm algorithm reaches more than 400 times,the particle fitness function tends to converge.When the number of iterations is set to 500 times,the satisfactory results can be obtained.The example shows that compared with the traditional manual design,the efficiency of the automatic design algorithm is higher,the automatic design process only takes 2~3 seconds.the effect of fitting the original ground line is better,the investment of pavement paving amount can be saved nearly half,and the optimization design effect is remarkable.The automatic design of longitudinal section for reconstructed road based on particle swarm algorithm provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the design and consultation of road reconstruction.