颅内外动脉并存粥样硬化斑块的研究进展

Research Progress of Coexisting Atherosclerotic Plaques in Both Intracranial and Extracranial Arteries

颅内外动脉并存粥样硬化斑块在亚洲人群中很常见。越来越多的研究发现,与单一动脉粥样硬化斑块患者相比,颅内外动脉并存粥样硬化斑块患者发生脑血管事件的风险更高。本文简述了颅内外动脉并存粥样硬化斑块的影像学诊断方法,并回顾了颅内外动脉并存粥样硬化斑块特征与脑血管疾病相关性的研究,分析得出,虽然斑块钙化、斑块大脂质坏死核心(LRNC)、斑块内出血(IPH)及斑块强化对脑血管疾病的影响尚存在争议,但颅内外动脉并存粥样硬化斑块患者远期预后差,血管事件或死亡风险可能更高。因此,重视颅内外动脉并存粥样硬化斑块的评估,可能为脑血管疾病防治提供新的见解。

Coexisting atherosclerotic plaques in both intracranial and extracranial arteries is very common in Asian populations.Increasing evidences have shown that patients with coexisting atherosclerotic plaques in both intracranial and extracranial arteries have higher risk of cerebrovascular events compared with patients with single vascular atherosclerotic plaque.This study briefly describs the imaging diagnosis methods of coexisting atherosclerotic plaques in both intracranial and extracranial arteries,and reviews the studies on the correlation of coexisting atherosclerotic plaques in both intracranial and extracranial arteries characteristics with cerebrovascular disease,and points out that although the effect of plaque calcification,plaque lipid-rich necrotic core(LRNC),intraplaque hemorrage(IPH)and plaque enhancement on cerebrovascular diseases is still controversial,patients with coexisting atherosclerotic plaques in both intracranial and extracranial arteries have poor long-term prognosis and higher risk of vascular events or death.Therefore,paying attention to the evaluation of coexisting atherosclerotic plaques in both intracranial and extracranial arteries may provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease.