糖尿病专科护士主导的运动干预在2型糖尿病中的效果

Effect of Diabetes Specialist Nurse-Led Exercise Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者接受糖尿病专科护士主导的运动干预对其踝臂指数(ABI)以及糖脂代谢的影响。方法采用随机抽样法,选取2019年1月至2020年10月于河南科技大学第一附属医院内分泌科出院的60例无运动禁忌T2DM患者,按计算机随机数字表法分为试验组(36例)和对照组(24例)。两组接受常规糖尿病饮食、用药指导,试验组佩戴扫描式葡萄糖监测系统(FGM)、心率臂表,隔日1次在内分泌门诊进行45 min的运动干预,共2周。专科护士根据门诊运动干预得出的运动方案指导患者居家运动,患者将运动情况微信打卡,共22周。对照组接受专科护士根据指南的常规运动指导,共24周。比较两组患者ABI、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯含量变化情况。结果24周后,试验组ABI高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组糖化血红蛋白水平低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论专科护士主导的运动干预能显著改善T2DM ABI和糖脂代谢,延缓T2DM下肢血管病变进程。

Objective To investigate the effect of diabetes specialist nurse-led exercise on ankle-brachial index(ABI)and glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Using convenience sampling method,60 patients with T2DM without exercise contraindication who were discharged from the Department of Endocrinology in the First Afflicted Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from January 2019 to October 2020 were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group(36 cases)and the control group(24 cases).The two groups were given routine diabetes diet and medication guidance,while the experimental group wore a scanning flash glucose monitoring(FGM),heart rate arm watch,and exercised in the endocrinology clinic once every other day for 45 minutes for a total of two weeks.Specialist nurses give the home exercise guidance based on the exercise program obtained from the outpatient exercise intervention,and the patient sent the exercise status to the WeChat group for a total of 22 weeks.The control group were guided by specialist nurses in accordance with the exercise guidelines for 24 weeks.The changes of ABI,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride contents were compared between the two groups.Results After 24 weeks,the ABI in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),the glycosylated hemoglobin in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Diabetes specialist nurse-led exercise intervention can significantly improve ABI and glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM.