我国猪瘟的流行病学及疫苗研究进展

Epidemiology and Vaccine Research Progress of Classical Swine Fever in China

猪瘟(CSF)是由猪瘟病毒(CSFV)引起的一种严重危害全球养猪业的高度接触性传染病,因其发病率和死亡率都很高,对经济造成巨大的损失,被OIE列为必须通报的动物传染病。我国将疫苗接种作为防控CSF的主要手段,但由于疫苗的长期使用、温和毒力毒株的出现以及持续性感染的存在,使我国CSFV流行株的变异呈多样性,且以远离疫苗株的变异为主。因此,持续开展我国CSFV流行毒株分子生物学和流行病学研究,研发能够区分疫苗野毒抗体,且提供高效免疫保护的新型基因工程疫苗,对我国CSF的有效防控和最终净化具有重大意义。本文重点对我国CSFV的分子生物学特征及CSF疫苗研究进展进行了综述,为CSF防控提供参考。

Classical swine fever(CSF) remains one of the most economically important viral diseases of domestic pigs and wild boar worldwide. Classical swine fever virus(CSFV) is highly contagious with high morbidity and mortality. As such, it is an OIE-listed disease. In China, vaccination is used as the main means for the prevention and control of CSF. Because of the long-term use of the vaccine, the emergence of mild virulent strains and presence of persistent infection, the diverse variations of CSFV epidemic strains are present in China, which vary far away from the vaccine strains. Therefore, it is very important to carry out the research on molecular biology and epidemiology of CSFV epidemic strains and develop new genetic engineering vaccines that can be differentiated from wild infection for the effective control and eradication of CSF in China. This paper focuses on the research progress of molecular biology of CSFV and vaccines, providing a reference for CSF prevention and control.