云南省新平县家畜O型口蹄疫血清学监测

Serological Surveillance on FMD-O in Livestock in Xinping County of Yunnan Province

为了解新平县猪牛羊O型口蹄疫的免疫抗体水平,评估疫苗免疫效果,2018—2022年连续5年在12个乡镇(街道),分别采集猪、牛、羊血清样品2289、2020、2491份,采用ELISA方法进行O型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)血清抗体检测,汇总检测结果进行不同畜种、不同饲养规模、不同季节的统计分析。结果显示:牛、羊、猪O型FMDV平均抗体合格率分别为86.53%(1748/2020)、81.65%(2034/2491)、68.20%(1561/2289),不同畜种间抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);规模场O型FMDV平均抗体合格率为80.93%(3026/3739),散养户为75.69%(2317/3061),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);春季、秋季的牛抗体阳性率分别为86.15%、86.89%,羊抗体阳性率分别为82.14%、81.19%,猪抗体阳性率分别为67.08%、69.42%,春季、秋季间同一畜种的抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果表明:2018年以来,新平县牛羊O型口蹄疫免疫效果较好,但猪免疫效果较差,尤其是散养户,存在疫情发生风险。结果提示,需加强生猪养殖户尤其是散养户的O型口蹄疫免疫和监测工作,以降低猪群的感染风险。本研究为当地家畜口蹄疫防控政策的制定提供了数据支撑。

In order to identify the immune antibody level of foot and mouth disease type O(FMD-O)in pigs,cattle and sheep in Xinping County,and to evaluate the performance of vaccines,2289,2020 and 2491 serum samples were respectively collected from pigs,cattle and sheep in 12 townships(sub-districts)for five consecutive years from 2018 to 2022 to detect serum antibodies against FMD-O virus by ELISA,from which the results were summarized for statistical analysis based on different breeds,feeding scales and seasons.The results showed that the average qualified rates of antibodies against FMD-O virus in cattle,sheep and pigs were 86.53%(1748/2020),81.65%(2034/2491)and 68.20%(1561/2289),respectively,and the positive rate of antibodies among different breeds was statistically significant(P<0.001);the average antibody qualified rate of FMD-O virus was 80.93%(3026/3739)in scaled farms,which was significantly higher than that in free-range households where was 75.69%(2317/3061),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001);the positive rates of antibodies were 86.15%and 86.89%in bovine respectively in spring and autumn,82.14%and 81.19%in sheep,67.08%and 69.42%in pigs,respectively;and no significant difference(P>0.05)was observed in the same breed in spring and autumn.In conclusion,since 2018,the immune effect of FMD-O virus was good in cattle and sheep in Xinping County,but poor in pigs,especially in free-range households where possible risk of occurrence was available.Therefore,the risk of infection in pigs should be reduced through strengthening immunization and monitoring of FMD-O virus in pig farms especially free-range households.The development of local policies concerning prevention and control of FMD was supported with data provided by the study.