猫源支气管败血波氏菌的分离与鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Feline Bordetella bronchiseptica

支气管败血波氏菌是引起猫呼吸道疾病的主要病原之一,而对猫源支气管败血波氏菌的分离鉴定目前国内鲜有报道。本研究对上海市1例有咳嗽症状的德文猫鼻拭子样品进行呼吸系统相关病原PCR检测,并对鼻拭子样品进行细菌分离培养,对分离菌株采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,同时检测分离菌株对小鼠的致病性。结果显示:猫杯状病毒、猫疱疹病毒、猫衣原体、猫支原体均为阴性,支气管败血波氏菌为阳性,并分离到1株支气管败血波氏菌;分离菌株对头孢拉定、氨苄西林、强力霉素等9种抗生素耐药,对阿莫西林、卡那霉素、氟哌酸、复方新诺明、美罗培南等15种抗生素敏感;用分离菌株接种ICR小鼠,发现小鼠出现精神沉郁症状,但未出现死亡。结果表明:上海市猫群中存在支气管败血波氏菌感染,需关注免疫力低下人群被感染的风险;分离株对小鼠致病力不强,但对首选治疗支气管败血波氏菌病的强力霉素耐药,建议选用敏感药物进行防治。本研究为猫源支气管败血波氏菌病的诊断与防治提供了参考。

Bordetella bronchiseptica(B.bronchiseptica)is one of major pathogens leading to feline respiratory diseases,but the isolation and identification of feline B.bronchiseptica have rarely been reported in China.In this study,nasal swab samples from a Devon cat with cough symptoms in Shanghai City were detected for the pathogens related to respiratory system by PCR,followed by isolation and culture of bacteria,and the drug sensitive test by K-B disk,then the isolate's pathogenicity to mice was simultaneously detected.Negative results for feline calicivirus,feline herpes virus,feline Chlamydia and Mycoplasma were observed,but positive for B.bronchiseptica,and one strain of B.bronchiseptica was isolated,which was resistant to 9 antibiotics such as cefradine,ampicillin and doxycycline,and sensitive to 15 antibiotics such as amoxicillin,kanamycin,norfloxacin,compound sulfamethoxazole and meropenem;ICR mice inoculated with the isolate were depressed,but no dead was found.In conclusion,possible risk of infection in the populations with low immunity should be concerned,as B.bronchiseptica was prevalent in cats in Shanghai City;the isolate was weak to mice,but it was resistant to doxycycline,the preferred treatment for bronchosepticemia,hence sensitive drugs were recommended to choose.A reference was therefore provided for future diagnosis,treatment and prevention of feline B.bronchiseptica.