精神分裂症患者一级亲属的事件相关电位及与神经认知功能的相关性

Event-related potentials and correlation with neurocognitive functionin first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia

目的:探索精神分裂症患者无症状一级亲属的早期认知功能改变的内源性标记物,及与认知功能特定的维度受损相关性。方法:选取符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第5版(DSM-5)精神分裂症诊断标准的患者22例,其无症状一级亲属24例,正常对照27例。采用听觉oddball范式进行事件相关电位N200、P300测试,采用精神分裂症认知功能成套测验(MCCB)进行神经认知功能测评。结果:精神分裂症组的N200、P300潜伏期较一级亲属组和正常对照组均延长,P300振幅降低;一级亲属组的P300潜伏期较正常对照组延长(均P<0.05)。精神分裂症患者组在6项神经认知功能测验中的评分明显低于一级亲属组和正常对照组(均P<0.05);而一级亲属组各项认知功能评分与正常对照组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。精神分裂症组和一级亲属组的N200潜伏期与符号编码评分均呈负相关(r=-0.15、-0.49,均P<0.05),P300潜伏期与词语学习均呈负相关(r=-0.12、-0.49,均P<0.05)。结论:ERPs可为精神分裂症无症状一级亲属的早期认知功能改变的识别提供客观依据。

Objective:To explore endogenous markers of early cognitive changes in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and their association with specific dimensions of cognitive impairment.Methods:Twenty-two patients who met the diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition(DSM-5),24 asymptomatic first-degree relatives of the patients, and 27 normal controls were selected.The Auditory Oddball paradigm was used to test event-related potential N200 and P300,and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB) was used to evaluate neurocognitive function.Results:The latency of N200 and P300 was longer in the schizophrenia group than in the first-degree relative group and normal control group, and the amplitude of P300 decreased in the schizophrenia group.P300 latency was longer in the first-degree relatives than in the normal controls(Ps<0.05).The scores of 6 neurocognitive function tests were lower in the schizophrenia group than in the first-degree relatives group and normal control group(Ps<0.05).There were no significant differences in cognitive function scores between the first-degree relative group and normal control group(P>0.05).N200 latency was negatively correlated with symbol coding score in the schizophrenia group and first-degree relative group(r=-0.15,-0.49,Ps<0.05).P300 latency was negatively correlated with word learning(r=-0.12,-0.49,Ps<0.05).Conclusion:ERPs could provide objective evidence for the identification of early cognitive changes in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia.