应用曲线积分的地震勘探多缆定位算法

Multi-streamer positioning algorithm based on curvilinear integral for seismic exploration

拖缆定位是海上拖缆地震勘探的一个关键环节,而准确的拖缆模型与定位算法是实现高精度拖缆定位的核心。现有的拖缆定位算法在多缆作业场景下存在数学模型不严密、定位网络观测值利用不充分的问题。为此,提出了一种基于曲线积分的海上地震勘探多缆定位算法。首先,利用曲线积分构建严密的拖缆数学模型;然后,推导了该模型下不同类型观测值的误差方程;最后,通过仿真和实测数据对算法进行有效性验证。实验结果表明,该算法解获得的拖缆缆形与检波点位置精度优于传统算法,其中沿测线方向定位精度优于1m,垂直测线方向精度优于3m,可满足海上地震勘探作业及后续地震波数据分析的需求。

Streamer positioning is a key step of offshore seismic exploration,and an accurate streamer model and positioning algorithm are the core of high-precision streamer positioning.The application of the existing streamer positioning algorithm to the multi-streamer exploration scene is exposed to problems such as the loose mathematical model of streamers and the inadequate use of the observation values of positioning networks.Therefore,a multi-streamer positioning algorithm based on curvilinear integral is proposed in this paper.Firstly,a rigorous mathematical model of streamers based on curvilinear integral is built.Then,with the model,the error equation of each positioning observation value is derived.Finally,the experimental verification is carried out by simulation and measured data.The experimental results show that the accuracy of the shape and position of the streamer estimated by the new algorithm is better than that of the traditional algorithm.Specifically,the precision of the along-line direction is better than 1m,and that of the across-line direction is better than 3m,which can meet the needs of offshore seismic exploration and subsequent seismic data analysis.