应用匹配追踪算法的高分辨率处理方法

High-resolution processing method based on matching pursuit algorithm

常规地震数据处理方法因存在窗口效应、能量聚焦性差、分辨率与信噪比相互制约等弊端,使其处理能力受限。为此,在阐述匹配追踪算法基本原理及相对保幅AVF剖面构建方法的基础上,文中提出一种新的高分辨率处理技术。首先对信号进行分解并构建相对保幅AVF剖面,然后在时频谱上进行能量重新分配,提高原始数据高频成分,每个时频原子在给定频率位置的谱值决定其贡献程度,最后保幅重构地震信号。实际资料处理结果表明,重构后地震信号主频提高,频带拓宽,分辨率相对提高,增强了地震资料识别小地质体的能力,有利于后续储层识别和流体检测。

Conventional seismic data processing methods have various disadvantages,such as window effect,poor energy focusing performance,and mutual restriction between resolution and signal-to-noise ratio,that limit their processing ability.For this reason,a new high-resolution processing method is proposed on the basis of expounding the basic principle of the matching pursuit algorithm and the construction method for relative-amplitude-preserving amplitude-versus-frequency(AVF)profiles.The proposed technology starts with decomposing the signal and constructing a relative-amplitudepreserving AVF profile.Then,energy is redistributed in the time-frequency spectrum to highlight the high-frequency component of the original data.The spectral value of each time-frequency atom at a given frequency determines the contribution of the atom.Finally,the seismic signal is reconstructed in an amplitude-preserving manner.The actual data processing results show that after reconstruction,the seismic signal obtains a more prominent dominant frequency,a wider frequency band,and a relatively improved resolution,which indicates that the proposed processing method improves the ability to identify small geological bodies with seismic data and paves the way for subsequent reservoir identification and fluid detection.