从中药营养物质活性探讨中医药发展

Discussion on Development of Chinese Medicine Based on Activity of Its Nutrient Substances

现代中药学研究常将中药药效成分定义为次生代谢产物,对相关化学成分的提取分离、活性及质量标准研究较多,在制药过程中蛋白质、糖类、酯类等多被认为是杂质,这是受到了天然药物化学研究思路的影响。随着人类对中医药基础研究的深入,越来越多的研究发现营养成分往往也具有一定的活性。仍将目光聚焦于中药次生代谢产物的研究思路是否有局限,蛋白质、糖类、酯类等是否也应纳入活性研究及质量控制的范畴?通过整理中药中蛋白质、油脂等各类营养物质成分的研究现状,梳理中药部分营养物质具有的药理、生理活性,反思中医药现代研究方面的发展路径,对中医药营养成分在质量控制、研究方向及医养领域发展提出一些建议,对中医药在中药营养活性方面进行初步探究。

In modern Chinese Materia Medica,active components of Chinese medicine are defined as its secondary metabolites.At present,many studies focus on the extraction,separation,activity and quality standards of related chemical components of Chinese medicine,and proteins,carbohydrates and esters were mostly considered as impurities in pharmaceutical process,which is influenced by natural pharmaceutical chemistry.With the progress of basic research on Chinese medicine,it has been found that some nutrient substances in Chinese medicine also have certain activities,with potential value.However,it still remains unclear whether we should only focus on the study of secondary metabolites of Chinese medicine and whether we should include proteins,carbohydrates and esters while studying the activity and quality control of Chinese medicine.As a result,this paper summarized the research status of proteins,oils and other nutrient substances in Chinese medicine and some of their pharmacological and physiological activities.Additionally,the paper reconsidered the modern research pathways of Chinese medicine,and put forward suggestions for the development of nutrient substances in Chinese medicine in the field of quality control,research direction and healthcare,which preliminarily explored the development of Chinese medicine based on the activity of its nutrient substances.