不同品种来源枸杞子多糖及甜菜碱含量测定和比较分析

Determination and Comparative Analysis of Lycii Fructus Polysaccharides and Betaine from Different Varieties

目的:测定并比较2种采收时间和干燥方式下不同品种来源枸杞子中多糖及甜菜碱含量差异,为枸杞子质量评价和适宜药用或食用品种的选择提供参考。方法:采用苯酚-硫酸法及雷氏铵盐法分别测定枸杞子样品中的多糖及甜菜碱含量,并采用SPSS 26.0对数据进行统计分析。结果:不同品种枸杞子多糖含量差异有统计学意义,但不同采收时间和干燥方式处理的品种间差异规律不同,其中7月采收、烘干方式加工的“宁杞10号”多糖含量显著低于其他品种,而“宁杞5号”及“宁杞4号”中多糖含量最高,食用和药用效果较佳。2个采收时间的枸杞子多糖及甜菜碱含量均存在一定差异,但仅“宁杞10号”多糖含量差异有统计学意义,“宁杞1号”“宁杞4号”的甜菜碱含量差异有统计学意义,均以6月20日采收含量较高。不同品种枸杞子采用2种干燥方式,多糖及甜菜碱含量差异均有统计学意义,其中烘干处理“宁杞1号”“宁杞4号”多糖含量较高,“宁杞5号”“宁杞10号”甜菜碱含量较高,而晒干处理仅“宁杞0909号”甜菜碱含量较高。结论:不同品种宁夏枸杞子在2种采收时间和干燥方式下多糖及甜菜碱含量均存在一定差异,研究结果可为枸杞子的质量控制,药食同源适宜品种、采收期及加工方式的选择提供参考。

Objective:To determine and compare the polysaccharide content and betaine content of different varieties of Lycii Fructus under two harvesting times and drying methods,providing references for quality evaluation of Lycii Fructus and selection of suitable medicinal or edible varieties.Methods:The content of polysaccharides and betaine in Lycii Fructus samples was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method and ammonium sulfate precipitation method and the data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0.Results:The difference in polysaccharide content in different varieties of Lycii Fructus was significant,but the difference regularities were different with different harvesting times and drying methods.The polysaccharide content of"Ningqi No.10"harvested in July and processed by drying was significantly lower than that of other varieties."Ningqi No.5"and"Ningqi No.4"had the highest polysaccharide content and superior medicinal and edible values.There were some differences in the content of Lycii Fructus polysaccharides and betaine between Lycii Fructus samples harvested at two different harvesting times.However,the content of polysaccharides in"Ningqi No.10",and the content of betaine in"Ningqi No.1"and"Ningqi No.4"were statistically significantly different,and the highest content was observed in those harvested on June 20.Different varieties of Lycii Fructus were processed by two drying methods,and the differences in polysaccharide content and betaine content were significant."Ningqi No.1"and"Ningqi No.4"processed by drying had the highest polysaccharide content and"Ningqi No.1"and"Ningqi No.5"processed by drying had the highest betaine content,while among the samples processed by sun drying,only"Ningqi No.0909"had comparatively high betaine content.Conclusion:Different varieties of Lycii Fructus in Ningxia have certain differences in polysaccharide content and betaine content under two harvesting times and drying methods.The research results are expected to provide references for the quality control of Lycii Fructus and the selection of suitable varieties with medicinal and edible values,harvesting time,and processing methods.