43份汉中茶树种质资源叶片解剖结构分析

Analysis of Leaf Anatomical Structure of 43 Tea Plant(Camellia sinensis)Germplasm Resources in Hanzhong

为了综合评价陕西汉中茶树本地群体种资源的叶片解剖结构特征,以43份汉中茶树资源为材料,比较分析其16项叶片解剖结构指标。结果表明,整体上汉中茶树资源叶片解剖性状表现出较高遗传多样性,较强抗逆性和较高潜在生产力。其平均遗传多样性指数为1.81,平均变异系数为11.83%,多样性较丰富;平均生产力指数达到3002.38,潜在生产力较高。基于主成分分析,综合得分前3位的茶树资源HCQ04、HCX05、HCM01抗逆性强,生产潜力大,综合性状优良,可在茶树优良品种选育、绿茶产品开发等方面加以利用;而综合得分较低的HCB10和HCZ02,其海绵组织发达,可作为汉中红茶产品开发与创新的候选资源。总体上,该研究为汉中地方优良茶树资源的鉴定,新品种选育和茶产品开发与创新提供参考。

In order to comprehensively evaluate the leaf anatomical characteristics of local tea germplasm resources in Hanzhong area,we compared and analyzed 16 leaf anatomical structure indexes of 43 tea germplasm resources in Hanzhong.There were abundant genetic variability,strong stress resistance and high potential productivity for all the germplasms.The average genetic diversity index and coefficient of variation of leaf anatomical characteristics were 1.81 and 11.83%,respectively.The average productivity index reached 3002.38,indicating a high potential productivity.Based on the principal component analysis,the top 3 tea resources with the highest composite score,including HCQ04,HCX05 and HCM01 had stronger stress resistance,higher productivity and excellent comprehensive characters,which could be used in the breeding of novel tea varieties and the development of green tea products.HCB10 and HCZ02 with the lowest composite score had thickest sponge tissue,which could be used as candidate resources for making black tea.In summary,this study provides fundamental data for the identification of local tea germplasm resources,and for the breeding of new varieties,the development and innovation of tea products in Hanzhong.