摘要
【目的】挖掘小麦胚大小性状相关的数量性状位点,解析胚大小与其他重要农艺性状之间的相关性,为胚相关性状QTL的精细定位及育种利用奠定基础。【方法】以四倍体小麦矮兰麦(Ailanmai)和野生二粒小麦(LM001)构建的121份F8代重组自交系群体(AM群体)作为研究材料,将其分别种植于成都市崇州试验基地(2018、2019和2020年)、成都市温江区试验基地(2020年)和雅安市试验基地(2020年),调查5个环境下的胚长、胚宽、胚长/胚宽、胚长/粒长、胚宽/粒宽以及胚面积6个性状,结合基于小麦55K SNP芯片构建的遗传连锁图谱对上述6个性状进行QTL定位。【结果】胚大小性状呈近似正态分布,符合数量性状的遗传特征。QTL定位共检测到27个胚大小相关性状的QTL,其中,7个分别控制胚长和胚宽的QTL可解释7.75%-21.74%和7.67%-33.29%的表型变异,共检测到5个在多环境稳定表达的主效QTL:QEL.sicau-AM-3B、QEW.sicau-AM-2B、QEW/KW.sicau-AM-2B、QEL/EW.sicau-AM-2B-1和QEA.sicau-AM-2B,其贡献率分别为11.88%-21.74%、21.77%-33.29%、8.80%-24.92%、12.79%-31.13%和10.47%-20.67%。另外,上述胚相关的位点形成4个QTL簇,分别为1B控制胚长/粒长和胚长的QTL簇,2B控制胚宽、胚长/胚宽、胚宽/粒宽以及胚面积的QTL簇,3B控制胚长和胚面积的QTL簇,6B控制胚长/胚宽、胚宽/粒宽的QTL簇。确定胚大小与小麦籽粒大小具有显著正相关性,且发现胚长主效位点QEL.sicau-AM-3B与粒长主效位点共定位,但胚宽主效位点QEW.sicau-AM-2B独立于粒宽主效位点存在。在主效QTL所在物理区间鉴定获得4个可能参与胚大小调控的基因。【结论】鉴定到5个控制胚相关性状的稳定表达的主效QTL:QEL.sicau-AM-3B、QEW.sicau-AM-2B、QEW/KW.sicau-AM-2B、QEL/EW.sicau-AM-2B-1和QEA.sicau-AM-2B,其中,QEW.sicau-AM-2B可能为新的QTL。
【Objective】 This study is to excavate embryo-related quantitative trait loci(QTL) with potential breeding value, to explore the genetic relationship between embryo and other agronomic traits in tetraploid wheat, and finally to aim at laying an important foundation for the fine mapping and breeding utilization of embryo-related traits in the future.【Method】A total of 121 F8recombinant inbred lines(RIL) constructed by crossing tetraploid durum wheat(Ailanmai) and wild emmer wheat(LM001) were used. This RIL population was planted in five different environments including Chongzhou(2018-2020), Wenjiang(2020), and Ya’an(2020) in Sichuan Province for phenotypic evaluation of embryo length(EL), embryo width(EW), embryo length/embryo width(EL/EW), embryo length/kernel length(EL/KL), embryo width/kernel width(EW/KW), and embryo area(EA). QTL mapping was performed based on a genetic linkage map constructed based on the wheat 55K SNP. 【Result】 The embryo size-related traits showed approximately normal distribution in the RIL population satisfying the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits. A total of 27 QTL for embryo size-related traits were detected in five environments over three years. Among them, seven ones controlling EL could contribute 7.75%-21.74% of phenotypic variation. Seven QTLs controlling EW could explain 7.67%-33.29% of phenotypic variation. Five stable and major QTLs(QEL.sicau-AM-3B, QEW.sicau-AM-2B, QEW/KW.sicau-AM-2B, QEL/EW.sicau-AM-2B-1and QEA.sicau-AM-2B) were identified, and they explained 11.88%-18.99%, 21.77%-29.41%, 8.80%-24.92%, 12.79%-25.69% and 10.47%-15.22% of phenotypic variation, respectively. In addition, four QTL-rich regions were identified in the embryo size-related loci mentioned above. The QTL controlling EL/KL and EL was located on chromosome 1B, that for EW, EL/EW, EW/KW, and EA was located on 2B, that controlling EL and EA was on 3B, and that controlling EL/EW and EW/KW was on 6B. Embryo size was significantly and positively correlated with kernel size. Further, the major QTL for EL, QEL.sicau-AM-3B was co-located with that for kernel length identified previously, but that for EW QEW.sicau-AM-2B was independent of that for kernel width. Four genes likely involved in regulation of embryo size were identified in intervals where major QTL were mapped. 【Conclusion】Five stable and major QTLs were identified: QEL.sicau-AM-3B, QEW.sicau-AM-2B, QEW/KW.sicau-AM-2B, QEL/EW.sicau-AM-2B-1,QEA.sicau-AM-2B, among which QEW.sicau-AM-2B may be novel.
作者
陈吉浩
周界光
曲翔汝
王素容
唐华苹
蒋云
唐力为
兰秀锦
魏育明
周景忠
马建
CHEN JiHao;ZHOU JieGuang;QU XiangRu;WANG SuRong;TANG HuaPing;JIANG Yun;TANG LiWei;LAN XiuJin;WEI YuMing;ZHOU JingZhong;MA Jian(Triticeae Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130;College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130;Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu,610000;PanZhiHua Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Panzhihua 617061,Sichuan;Tongliao Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Tongliao 028015,Inner Mongolia)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期203-216,共14页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家农业重大科技项目(NK20220607)
四川省科技计划(2021YFH0083、2022NSFSC1729、2022YFH0053)。
关键词
四倍体小麦
胚长
胚宽
胚面积
QTL定位
tetraploid wheat
embryo length
embryo width
embryo area
QTL mapping