乳糜腹动物模型的构建评价及各器官功能的短期改变

Establishment,evaluation and short-term changes of organ functions in animal model of chylous ascites

目的:探索乳糜腹术中更加优化的定位材料,在前期乳糜腹研究基础上构建大鼠乳糜腹疾病动物模型,并了解短期内各系统器官的可能微观改变。方法:将20只SD雄性大鼠随机分为对照组及实验组( n=10)。术前30 min均给予中长链脂肪乳灌胃,便于术中淋巴管被识别。实验组手术暴露腹段胸导管近膈肌角处,在最高处结扎,远端左右髂血管分叉处附近裸化并局部开窗产生低压力区。对照组仅高位结扎淋巴管,观察大鼠腹部变化并连续给予脂肪乳灌胃,促进乳糜腹形成。观察动物形成腹水的情况;检测乳糜腹形成后引起的血生化改变及各器官显微结构的病理生理改变。 结果:实验组大鼠术后第1周开始腹部逐渐增大,术后第2周停止喂养经腹穿刺后明确形成乳糜腹,建模成功率为60%(6/10)。使用纳米碳评价模型表现良好。模型构建后两组大鼠血常规中三系及肝功总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、白蛋白、球蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(均 P>0.05)。与对照组比较,实验组大鼠短期内的肝脏细胞空泡化改变更明显,伴有肝细胞脂肪样变性,汇管区淋巴细胞浸润;肺脏表现间质增厚血管蛋白渗出;肾脏、肠道黏膜及脾脏等显微结构上无明显改变。 结论:乳糜腹疾病动物模型的成功构建有利于进一步探索将新材料应用于乳糜腹的术中精准定位,同时为后期乳糜腹的基础研究提供了研究平台。

Objective To explore a more effective localizing material for surgical use,establish an animal model of chylous ascites in rats based on our previous studies on this condition,and explore the microscopic changes in systems and organs that may possibly happen in the short term.Methods Twenty male SD rats were randomized into the control group and experimental group(n=10 each).The rats were given a mixture of long-and medium-chain fat emulsion by gavage at 30 minutes before surgery to facilitate identification of lymphatic vessels during the operation.In the experimental group,the abdominal segment of thoracic duct was exposed near the diaphragmatic crus and ligated at the highest level;surfaces of the iliac vessels on both sides were rendered naked distal-near to the bifurcation and locally fenestrated to create a low pressure area.In the control group,ligation of lymphatic vessels at the highest level was performed only.The rats were given continuously gavage of fat emulsion to promote development of chylous ascites depending on the changes in abdominal contour.We observed the formation of ascites in animals,and examined the changes in blood biochemistry and pathophysiology of microstructure in multiple organs after formation of the chylous ascites.Results In the experimental group,the abdomen of rats gradually enlarged starting from the first week after operation,and in the second week,formation of chylous ascites was confirmed by peritoneocentesis when the feeding was stopped.The success rate of modeling was 60%(6/10).The rat models were in good performance as evaluated by nano carbon tracing.There were no significant differences in the percentage count of red blood cells and hemoglobin,white blood cells and lymphocytes,platelets and the levels of total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,indirect bilirubin,albumin,globulin between groups after modeling(all P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the experimental group presented more significant vacuolization of hepatocytes in the short term accompanied by fatty degeneration and portal lymphocyte infiltration;lung interstitial thickening and perivascular protein exudation.There were no obvious changes in the microstructure of kidney,intestinal mucosa and spleen.Conclusion The successful modeling of chylous ascites in animal may help further exploration on the use of novel materials in precise intraoperative localization of chylous ascites,and provides a platform for basic research of chylous ascites in future.