荠苎挥发油化学组分分析及抑菌活性探究

The Chemical Components and Antifungal Activity of Essential Oil from Mosla Grosseserrata

为明确荠苎挥发油的化学组分及熏蒸抑菌活性,本试验通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取荠苎挥发油,利用GC-MS分析荠苎挥发油的化学组分,采用生长速率法测定挥发油的熏蒸抑菌活性并通过显微镜观察初步探究其熏蒸抑菌机制。结果显示挥发油的主要组分为反式二氢香芹酮(48.939%)、1-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己烯(39.225%)、顺式二氢香芹酮(2.973%)和(Z)-β-罗勒烯(1.190%)。荠苎挥发油对供试的4种植物病原真菌菌丝生长均具有较强的熏蒸抑制作用,有效中浓度(EC50)均低于4μl/皿;经荠苎挥发油熏蒸处理后,灰葡萄孢部分菌丝断裂,分叉增多,扭曲严重,孢子的细胞结构被破坏,细胞内的膜结构消解,空腔增多,细胞质呈崩解趋势。表明荠苎挥发油对植物病原真菌有较好的熏蒸抑菌作用,有望作为杀菌剂应用于植物病害防控。

In order to determine thechemical components and antifungal activity of the essential oil from Mosla grosseserrata,the essential oil of M.grosseserrata was extracted by steam distillation.Its chemical components were analyzed by GC-MS.And its antifungal activitywas determined by mycelium growth rate methodmicrooscopic obsenation,the fumigation antifungl mechanism was intially explored.The results showed that the main chemical components of M.grosseserrata were tran-dihydrocarvone(48.939%),1-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-cyclohexene(39.225%),dihydrocarvone(2.973%),(Z)-β-ocimene(1.190%).The essential oil have strong fumigation inhibition on the mycelial growth of four tested plant pathogenic fungi,which were Botrytiscinerea,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,Xanthomonaspinelliae and Fusariumgraminearum.The EC50were all lower than 4μL/dish.After being fumigated by essential oil,the hyphae of B.cinerea were broken,the bifurcation increased and the distortion was serious.The cell structure of the spore of B.cinerea was destroyed,the membrane structure in the cell was disintegrated,the cavity increased,and the cytoplasm showed a tendency to disintegrate.It can be indicated that the essential oil of M.grosseserrata has a certain fumigation and antifungal activity,which could be used as a fungicide for controlling plant disease in the future.