我国省级公共体育服务效率评价及影响因素

Study on Evaluation and Influencing Factors in Provincial Public Sports Service efficiency in China

随着健康中国、全民健身等政策的提出,公共体育服务已成为推进我国现代化建设,代表我国综合国力水平的重要体现。现阶段,我国公共体育服务供给与人民群众日益增长的需求间的矛盾仍未得到解决。提升地方政府体育公共服务效率,实现供需有效对接与产出最大化,是提升我国公共体育服务的关键。以我国31个省份为研究对象,通过数据包络分析(DEA)方法从综合技术效率、纯技术效率、规模效率及规模报酬角度对2017年我国各省体育公共服务支出效率水平进行测算与评价,并基于Tobit模型对宏观社会环境因素与公共体育服务支出效率得分间相关性展开探究后表明,2017年我国31个省份中有20个省份公共体育服务综合效率有效,22.6%的省份的纯技术效率未达有效,11个省份为达成规模有效,存在公共体育资源配置结构不合理,有效性与精准性不足等问题,仍有较大优化空间。我国公共体育服务效率水平整体上东部高于西部,西部高于中部。中部地区在供给端与服务结构上仍待完善;西部地区则存在资源投入不足等问题。从Tobit模型回归结果看,财政体育投入比、体育管理人员规模与公共体育服务综合效率呈显著正相关关系,地区生产总值对公共体育服务效率具有负向影响,人口密度具有正向影响。在此基础上,各省份应科学运用财政转移支付,促进政府财政能力均等化;大力推进PPP模式发展,鼓励社会资本参与;以人民为中心,建立需求导向机制。

Along with the issue of the“healthy China”and“National fitness”regulations, public sports service has become an important indicator of the country’s progress on modernization and its overall national strength. At present, the gap between the supply of public sports services and people’s increasing demand haste to be narrowed.To improve our public sports services, the key is to improve the efficiency of local government sports public services,matchmake supply and demand in an efficient manner, and realize the maximization of output. Taking the country’s 31 provinces as the study object, this paper calculates and evaluates the expenditure efficiency of sports public service in 2017 from the perspectives of comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and scale return through data envelopment analysis(DEA). Based on the Tobit model, the correlation between the macro-social environmental factors and the expenditure efficiency of public sports services is analyzed. The results show that in 2017 out of the 31 provinces, 20 provinces’ comprehensive efficiency of public sports services are valid, 22.6% of the provinces show invalid pure technical efficiency, and 11 provinces still have room for improvement which is shown in their inappropriate allocation structure of public sports resources created in the pursuit of scale efficiency, let alone a lack of efficiency and accuracy of the structure.. The overall efficiency of public sports service is higher in the east than in the west, and higher in the west than in the central region. In Central China region, the supply end and service structure are still to be improved. In the western region, there are problems such as insufficient resource investment. According to the regression results of Tobit model, there is a significant positive correlation between the proportion of financial sports investment, the scale of sports manager group, and the comprehensive efficiency of public sports service. Regional GDP has a negative impact on the efficiency of public sports service, while population density has a positive impact. On this basis, each province should make scientific use of financial transfer payment to promote the equalization of government financial capacity;vigorously promote the PPP model development, encourage the participation of social capital;put the people at the center and establish a demand-oriented mechanism.