投入产出框架下中国产品部门投入数字化程度的测算、分解及质量效应研究

Measurement, Decomposition and Quality Effect of Digitalization of China’s Sector Input under the Input-Output Framework

本文从中间投入的角度,利用投入产出表给出各部门数字化程度的测算方法,直观地测算了我国2012年和2017年各部门投入的数字化程度。通过构建多层次分解模型,从数字化程度变化的直接效应和间接效应两个维度,将各部门数字化程度变化分解为数字化产业、产业数字化、产业间结构调整、产业内结构调整等部分。进一步从理论和实证两个方面探讨了微观产品层面数字化程度对产品质量的影响。结果表明:数字化直接影响是促进数字经济部门数字化程度提升的最重要因素,而对于大部分非数字经济部门,产业间结构调整的间接影响最为重要。进一步从微观产品层面分析产品数字化程度对产品质量的影响,结果显示,产品数字化显著提升了我国出口产品质量,该结论在考虑企业规模、进口中学习效应以及进行多种方法的稳健性检验时仍然成立。

This paper puts forward the measurement method of sector digitization degree from the view of intermediate input under the input-output framework, and calculates the digitization degree of each sector in 2012 and 2017. Using the multi-level decomposition model, the direct and indirect effects of the digitization degree change can decompose the change into several parts, including digital industry,industry digitization, inter-industry structure adjustment, and intra-industry structure adjustment.Furthermore, from the perspective of micro products, the influence of the degree of digitization on product quality is discussed theoretically and empirically. The results show that the direct impact is the most important factor to promote the digitalization of digital economy sectors, and the indirect impact of inter-industry structural adjustment is the most important for most non-digital economy sectors. On the impact of product digitalization on product quality, product digitization has improved the quality of China’s export products significantly. This conclusion is still valid after considering the influence of firm scale,learning effect in import, and several robustness tests.