复杂疏浚工况下重型绞吸挖泥船施工工艺优化

Construction process optimization of heavy cutter suction dredger under complex dredging conditions

盐城滨海港区疏浚工程工况复杂,土质分层不均,上层粉土具有粒径小、密实、坚硬的特点,船舶施工时出现正刀滚刀、绞刀功率波动明显;下层亚黏土土体密度大,14 km长排距输送易造成堵管;施工区内块石与障碍物较多,经常发生堵吸口、堵泵。对于新建出厂的“昊海龙”轮,通过更换绞刀分析不同绞刀防石方案适用性,寻找泥浆浓度、流速与施工效率的平衡点,对其船机性能进行试验。结果表明:挖掘密实粉土时,使用通用绞刀可以增加破土能力,减少绞刀功率波动幅度与频次;吸口加装钢板格栅可以有效减少堵吸口、堵泵;挖掘下层时,适当降低泥浆浓度可以达到生产率与输送效率平衡。

The dredging project of Yancheng Binhai port area has complex working conditions and uneven soil stratification,the upper silt has the characteristics of small particle size,dense and hard,the power of cutter fluctuates obviously during ship construction.The density of subclay soil in the lower layer is high,and the long row distance of 14 km is easy to cause pipe blocking.There are many blocks and obstacles in the construction area,and the suction and pump blockage often occur.For the newly-built ship“HAO HAI LONG”,the applicability of different cutter stone prevention schemes is analyzed by replacing the cutter to find the balance point between mud concentration,flow rate and construction efficiency,and the ship machine performance is tested.The results show that when excavating dense silt,the use of general cutter can increase the soil breaking capacity and reduce the fluctuation amplitude and frequency of cutter power.The installation of steel grating at the suction port can effectively reduce the blockage of suction and pump.When excavating the lower layer,the balance between productivity and transportation efficiency can be achieved by properly reducing the mud concentration.