基于能量均衡高效的LEACH改进算法

Efficient LEACH algorithm based on energy equalization

LEACH路由协议是无线传感器网络一个经典的分簇路由方法,但在限能严重的无线网络中,节点功耗高、生存时间短等问题严重影响网络性能,为此提出了改进的基于能量均衡高效的LEACH-X协议。通过加入最优簇首数,提出修正的剩余能量因子,考虑节点的剩余能量、周期内当选过簇首的次数以及密度因子,并对部署区域分区,针对区域调整距离因子增益参数的权重来修正簇首选举阈值函数;接着进行二次竞争并最终选举簇首,从而减小节点能耗,使WSN存活时间得到一定的延长。仿真结果表明,与传统LEACH协议进行对比,LEACH-X协议降低了网络能耗,延长了网络生存时间。

LEACH routing protocol is a classical clustering routing method in wireless sensor networks.However,in severely limited wireless networks,high power consumption and short lifetime of nodes seriously affect network performance.In this paper,an improved efficient LEACH-X protocol based on energy balance is proposed.By joining the optimal number of cluster head,the surplus energy correction factor is put forward.Considering the residual energy of nodes,the number of cluster head during the period and density factor,and partitioning the deployment area,the cluster head election threshold function is modified by adjusting the weight of the distance factor gain parameters for the region.Then,the second competition is in progress and ultimately the cluster head is selectd,so as to reduce the energy consumption of nodes,the survival time of WSN can be extended to some extent.Simulation results show that compared with the traditional LEACH protocol,the LEACH-X protocol reduces the network energy consumption and prolongs the network lifetime.