拓扑半金属及磁性拓扑材料的单晶生长

Single crystal growth of topological semimetals and magnetic topological materials

拓扑材料因具有新奇物理特性受到广泛关注,这些材料一方面为基础物理研究提供了新的平台,另一方面在以拓扑物理为基础发展的器件研究方向上展现出潜在应用价值.凝聚态领域对于拓扑材料相关物理问题的研究主要通过两种方式开展:一是在已知的拓扑材料中不断挖掘新的实验现象和物理问题;二是不断预言和探索发现新型拓扑材料体系并开展合成.无论哪种方式,高质量单晶的获得都至关重要,它为角分辨光电子能谱、扫描隧道显微谱和磁场下的量子振荡等实验研究提供了前提保障.本文总结了拓扑材料的分类和发展,基于本研究组近些年开展的工作介绍了助溶剂法、气相输运法这两种拓扑材料单晶生长中常用的方法,并详细介绍了拓扑物性研究领域几类典型的拓扑材料及其生长方法,如拓扑绝缘体/拓扑半金属、高陈数手性拓扑半金属和磁性拓扑材料等.

Topological materials have attracted much attention due to their novel physical properties.These materials can not only serve as a platform for studying the fundamental physics,but also demonstrate a significant potential application in electronics,and they are studied usually in two ways.One is to constantly explore new experimental phenomena and physical problems in existing topological materials,and the other is to predict and discover new topological material systems and carry out synthesis for further studies.In a word,high-quality crystals are very important for studying quantum oscillations,angle resolved photoemission spectra or scanning tunneling microscopy.In this work,the classifications and developments of topological materials,including topological insulators,topological semimetals,and magnetic topological materials,are introduced.As usually employed growth methods in growing topological materials,flux and vapour transport methods are introduced in detail.Other growth methods,such as Bridgman,float-zone,vapour deposition and molecular beam epitaxy methods,are also briefly mentioned.Then the details about the crystal growth of some typical topological materials,including topological insulators/semimetals,high Chern number chiral topological semimetals and magnetic topological materials,are elaborated.Meanwhile,the identification of crystal quality is also briefly introduced,including the analysis of crystal composition and structure,which are greatly important.