政治约束与经济理性的平衡——党组织嵌入对非公企业福利保障制度建设的影响研究

The Balance between Political Constraints and Economic Rationality: A Study on the Impact of Party Branch Embeddedness on Non-Public Enterprises’ Welfare and Security System

本文从企业的双重价值取向(政治的价值取向以及经济的价值取向)出发,探讨了党组织嵌入对非公企业福利保障制度建设的影响及其程度问题。基于对2018年中国工作环境研究调查数据的实证分析,本文发现:(1)建立党组织可以显著提高非公企业福利保障制度(包括社会保险制度、休息休假制度和额外福利制度)的建设水平;(2)非公企业的福利保障制度建设水平仍然低于国有企业、党政事业单位等单位组织,这表明在党组织嵌入过程中,非公企业试图维持一种政治约束与经济理性的平衡;(3)在此平衡过程中,政治的约束效应更强。本文揭示了党组织在维护劳动者权益方面的行动能力,探讨了“反向政治嵌入”以及非公企业的经济理性问题,对于理解中国政治主体和经济主体的互动关系具有启示意义。

Based on the survey data of the Research on the Chinese Working Conditions in 2018, this paper analyses the influence and its degree of Party organization embedding on non-public enterprises’ welfare security system from the perspective of the dual value orientation(political value orientation and economic value orientation). The empirical results show that:(1) The establishment of Party organization can significantly improve the level of non-public enterprises’ welfare security system(including social insurance system, rest and vacation system and extra welfare system);(2) The level of non-public enterprises’ welfare security system is lower than that of state-owned enterprises, and other government institutions, which indicates that non-public enterprises try to maintain a balance between political constraints and economic rationality in the process of Party organization embedding;(3) The political constraint effect is stronger in the process above. This paper reveals the ability of Party organization in safeguarding workers’ rights and interests, discusses the issues of“reverse political embeddedness”and the economic rationality of non-public enterprises, which could give enlightenment for understanding the interaction between political and economic subjects in China.