“一带一路”贸易便利化与共建国家全球价值链参与

Trade Facilitation of the Belt and Road and Countries’Participation in Global Value Chain

共建“一带一路”为深化全球价值链分工提供了强劲动力。文章使用熵值法量化了“一带一路”共建国家的贸易便利化水平,运用WWZ方法对共建国家前向联系和后向联系的价值链参与进行了分解,并探讨了贸易便利化对“一带一路”全球价值链的促进机制。研究结果表明,贸易便利化通过降低贸易成本、提高技术溢出两种机制促进“一带一路”共建国家全球价值链参与和贸易利益获得。异质性分析结果表明,电子商务、口岸与运输效率、海关与边境管理、规制环境均对全球价值链参与有正向促进作用,并且电子商务、口岸与运输效率的促进作用更大;区分不同国别类型,贸易便利化对发展中国家价值链参与的促进效应与发达国家相比仍有一定距离;区分不同行业,贸易便利化更能提升中技术行业的价值链参与程度和贸易利益。本研究对于提高贸易便利化水平推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展具有重要的政策含义。

Jointly building the Belt and Road has provided a strong impetus for deepening the division of global value chain.This article adopts the entropy method to quantify the trade facilitation level of countries along the Belt and Road,and the WWZ method is applied to decompose the participation in the global value chain of forward and backward links.It also discusses how trade facilitation contributes to global value chain.The research results show that trade facilitation has significantly promoted the Countries’participation in global value chain and gain of trade benefits through trade cost reduction and technology spillover enhancement.The heterogeneity analysis results show that the factors covering e-commerce,port and transportation efficiency,customs and border management and regulatory environment all have a positive role in promoting participation in global value chain.Especially the e-commerce,port and transportation efficiency related to border infrastructure and in-border technology availability are more prominent.Distinguishing between different types of countries,the positive effect of trade facilitation on global value chain participation in developing countries is still far from that of developed countries.Distinguishing between different industries,trade facilitation can better promote the value chain participation and trade benefits in middle-tech industries.This research has significant policy implications for promoting the trade facilitation and high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative.