产业政策、技术创新与中国工业发展质量

Industrial Policy,Technological Innovation and China’s Industrial Development Quality

基于创新驱动发展战略,结合中国改革开放后的工业化进程实践,理论分析产业政策和技术创新对工业发展质量的影响机制与影响效应,并使用手工收集的产业政策文本数据和1997—2019年的省级面板数据进行实证检验。研究发现,产业政策可以通过完善市场机制直接促进工业发展质量提高,也可以通过激励技术创新间接促进工业发展质量提高;在工业化中期前半阶段以前,工业发展质量的创新效应主要来源于技术创新“单轮驱动”,而在工业化中期后半阶段以后,工业发展质量的创新效应来源于产业政策和技术创新“双轮驱动”;相较于选择性产业政策,功能性产业政策更有利于促进工业发展质量提高。因此,为进一步促进工业高质量发展,需要在工业化后期坚持实施创新驱动发展战略,建设以功能性产业政策为主的产业政策体系,健全技术创新的体制机制。

Based on the innovation-driven development strategy and the industrialization process practice after China’s reform and opening up,this paper theoretically analyzes the mechanism and effect of industrial policy and technological innovation on the industrial development quality,and conducts an empirical study using manually collected industrial policy text data and provincial panel data from 1997 to 2019.Study results show that industrial policy can promote the industrial development quality directly by improving the market mechanism and indirectly by encouraging technological innovation.Before the first half of mid-industrialization,the innovation effect of industrial development quality is mainly driven by technological innovation’s “single-wheel”,while after the second half of mid-industrialization,the innovation effect of industrial development quality is driven by industrial policy and technological innovation’s “double-wheel”.Compared with selective industrial policies,functional industrial policies are more conducive to improving the industrial development quality.Therefore,in order to further promote the industrial development quality,it is necessary to adhere to the strategy of innovation-driven development in the late stage of industrialization,build an industrial policy system focusing on functional industrial policies and improve the institutional mechanism of technological innovation.