心理弹性在军校学员大五人格与抑郁、焦虑、压力中的中介作用

Mediating effect of psychological resilience on Big Five personality and depression,anxiety and stress of military cadets

目的 评估某军校学员的大五人格各因子、抑郁、焦虑、压力与心理弹性水平,探讨心理弹性在大五人格和抑郁、焦虑和压力之间的中介作用。方法 2020年12月采用整群抽样法抽取某军校286名学员进行问卷调查,采用大五人格简式量表、抑郁、焦虑和压力量表简体中文版以及CONNOR-DAVIDSON心理弹性量表中文版评估学员的大五人格各因子、抑郁、焦虑、压力和心理弹性水平,使用SPSS 26.0对数据进行分析,并采用AMOS 24.0进行中介效应模型建模。结果 不同性别学员的神经质、压力及心理弹性各因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年级学员的外向性、开放性、责任性、神经质、抑郁、焦虑、压力及心理弹性各因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同类别学员的开放性因子得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析结果表明,学员大五人格各因子、抑郁、焦虑、压力和心理弹性水平之间均呈相关性(均P<0.01),心理弹性的中介效应模型表明大五人格通过心理弹性对抑郁、焦虑与压力的间接影响显著,但影响较低,中介效应占总效应的24.40%。结论 心理弹性在大五人格和抑郁、焦虑及压力之间起到中介作用。应探索适合军校学员的心理弹性提升方案,提高军校学员的心理弹性,以减少抑郁、焦虑或压力等情感的产生。

Objective To evaluate the levels of factors of Big Five personality,depression,anxiety,stress and psychological resilience of students in a military academy,explore the mediating role of psychological resilience between Big Five personality and depression,anxiety and stress. Methods In December 2020,286 students from a military academy were selected by cluster sampling method for questionnaire survey. The levels of factors of Big Five personality,depression,anxiety,stress and psychological resilience of the students were evaluated by neo five-factor inventory,depression,anxiety and stress scale(simplified Chinese version) and CONNOR-DAVIDSON mental resilience scale(Chinese version). The data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0,and AMOS24.0 was used to establish the mediation model. Results There were statistically significant differences in the scores of neuroticism,stress and psychological resilience factors between male and female students(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of extraversion,openness,responsibility,neuroticism,depression,anxiety,stress and psychological resilience factors among students in different grades(all P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in the scores of openness factor among students in different types(P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlation among the factors of students’ Big Five personality,depression,anxiety,stress and the level of psychological resilience(all P<0.01).The intermediary effect model of psychological resilience showed that the Big Five personality has significant but low indirect impact on depression,anxiety and stress through psychological resilience,and the intermediary effect accounted for 24.40% of the total effect. Conclusions The psychological resilience plays a mediating role between Big Five personality and depression,anxiety and stress. It is necessary to explore the psychological resilience improvement scheme suitable for military cadets,and reduce the probability of depression,anxiety,stress and other emotions by improving the psychological resilience of military cadets.